Noisy and boiling fireworks and oily kebabs stimulate the taste buds … When it comes to the special food in Gejiu City, Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, barbecue is inevitable. By the side of the oven surrounded by fireworks, a bench was set up to sit around a table, and a variety of ingredients were "baked" under the charcoal fire.

Small kebab.

Kebab

The kebab is the protagonist of an old barbecue. The pork leg cut to the size of rock sugar is put on a bamboo stick of about 10 cm, and it is roasted by charcoal fire to be golden, shiny, moist and not greasy. It is very enjoyable. An old man who likes to be sweet likes to wrap small kebabs in powdered sugar and then send them to China with satisfaction. The unique rich meat flavor of barbecue is mixed with the sweet and spicy spices, which teases the taste buds.

Hanging liver meat

A plate full of meat is spread on the grill, and you can eat which piece you want. The lean meat full of aroma is wrapped in chewy meat tendons. After roasting, the aroma of meat, charcoal and seasoning is fully integrated, and the aroma is overflowing.

A barbecue that is being baked.

Honey beef

Beef, honey, pepper and many seasonings make the honey beef skewers rich and wonderful in taste. The savory kebabs marinated by the exclusive secret recipe meet with the beating fireworks, and the meat particles are soft, tender and fragrant, intertwined with sweet and spicy, giving the taste buds great enjoyment.

Gedachang

An old man has never been stingy with his food, and even his intestines are baked with originality. The so-called knot in one’s heart sausage is to tie a delicate knot in the pig’s small intestine and sprinkle it with rich seasonings. The refreshing taste of glutinous rice balls makes people want to stop.　

Baked tofu.

Baked tofu

Gejiu’s baked tofu has a variety of styles, including wrapped tofu, dried tofu and stinky tofu, which are constantly "turned over" on the stove and slowly roasted. Diners sit around the stove, bake one piece and then take it away. They wrap a circle in the oil dish and the Chili dry dish and send it to the mouth. The bean, oil and Chili flavors collide to produce a wonderful taste.

The delicious food being baked.

In midsummer, it’s nice to have a hot barbecue with three or five friends. Gejiu barbecue is a dance of oil and meat on the tip of the tongue, a perfect combination of charcoal roasting and sauce blending, and it has become a hot comfort in ordinary life.

Source: Gejiu Rong Media Center

　

Order of the State Internet Information Office

No.5

　　The Regulation on Ecological Governance of Network Information Content has been deliberated and adopted at the meeting of the Office of National Internet Information Office, and is hereby promulgated and shall come into force as of March 1, 2020.

　　Director Zhuang Rongwen

　　December 15, 2019

　　

Provisions on ecological governance of network information content

Chapter I General Provisions

　　the first　In order to create a good network ecology, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons and other organizations, and safeguard national security and public interests, these Provisions are formulated in accordance with the National Security Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the Network Security Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Measures for the Administration of Internet Information Services and other laws and administrative regulations.

　　the second　These Provisions shall apply to the ecological governance activities of network information content in People’s Republic of China (PRC).

　　The term "ecological governance of network information content" as mentioned in these Provisions refers to related activities such as promoting positive energy, disposing of illegal and bad information, etc., which are carried out by the government, enterprises, society, netizens and other subjects, with the cultivation and practice of socialist core values as the foundation, and the network information content as the main governance object, with the goal of establishing and improving a comprehensive network governance system, creating a clear cyberspace and building a good network ecology.

　　Article　The national network information department is responsible for coordinating the ecological governance of network information content and related supervision and management, and all relevant competent departments do a good job in ecological governance of network information content according to their respective responsibilities.

　　The local network information department is responsible for coordinating the ecological management of network information content and related supervision and management work within its administrative area, and the relevant local competent departments shall do a good job in the ecological management of network information content within their respective responsibilities.

Chapter II Producers of Network Information Content

　　Article 4　Producers of network information content shall abide by laws and regulations, follow public order and good customs, and shall not harm national interests, public interests or the legitimate rights and interests of others.

　　Article 5　Encourage producers of network information content to produce, copy and publish information containing the following contents:

　　(1) Propagandizing the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era and comprehensively, accurately and vividly interpreting Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s road, theory, system and culture;

　　(two) to publicize the party’s theoretical line, principles and policies and the major decisions and arrangements of the central government;

　　(three) to show the highlights of economic and social development, reflecting the great struggle and fiery life of the people;

　　(four) to carry forward the socialist core values, publicize the excellent moral culture and the spirit of the times, and fully display the high-spirited spirit of the Chinese nation;

　　(five) to effectively respond to social concerns, solve doubts and doubts, analyze things rationally, and help guide the masses to form a consensus;

　　(six) help to improve the international influence of Chinese culture and show the world a true three-dimensional and comprehensive China;

　　(seven) other content that stresses taste, style and responsibility, eulogizes truth, goodness and beauty, and promotes unity and stability.

　　Article 6　Producers of network information content shall not produce, copy or publish illegal information containing the following contents:

　　(a) against the basic principles set by the Constitution;

　　(2) endangering national security, revealing state secrets, subverting state power and undermining national unity;

　　(3) damaging the honor and interests of the state;

　　(4) distorting, vilifying, desecrating or denying the deeds and spirit of heroic martyrs, and infringing upon the names, portraits, reputations and honors of heroic martyrs by insulting, slandering or other means;

　　(5) Propagandizing terrorism or extremism or inciting the implementation of terrorist or extremist activities;

　　(6) Inciting national hatred and discrimination and undermining national unity;

　　(7) sabotaging the state’s religious policy and propagating cults and feudal superstitions;

　　(8) spreading rumors and disturbing economic and social order;

　　(9) Spreading obscenity, pornography, gambling, violence, murder, terror or abetting a crime;

　　(10) Insulting or slandering others and infringing upon their reputation, privacy and other legitimate rights and interests;

　　(eleven) other contents prohibited by laws and administrative regulations.

　　Article 7　Producers of network information content shall take measures to prevent and resist the production, reproduction and publication of bad information containing the following contents:

　　(a) the use of exaggerated titles, the content is seriously inconsistent with the title;

　　(two) speculation scandal, scandal, misdeeds, etc.;

　　(three) improper comments on natural disasters, major accidents and other disasters;

　　(four) with sexual suggestion, sexual teasing, etc., which is easy to cause sexual association;

　　(five) showing blood, horror, cruelty and other physical and mental discomfort;

　　(6) Inciting crowd discrimination and geographical discrimination;

　　(seven) to promote vulgar, vulgar and kitsch content;

　　(eight) may cause minors to imitate unsafe behavior and violate social morality, and induce minors to have bad hobbies;

　　(nine) other contents that have adverse effects on the network ecology.

Chapter III Network Information Content Service Platform

　　Article 8　The network information content service platform should fulfill the main responsibility of information content management, strengthen the ecological governance of network information content on this platform, and cultivate a positive, healthy and upward-oriented network culture.

　　Article 9　The network information content service platform shall establish the ecological governance mechanism of network information content, formulate the detailed rules for the ecological governance of network information content of this platform, and improve the systems of user registration, account management, information release review, post review review, layout and page ecological management, real-time inspection, emergency response, network rumors, and black industry chain information disposal.

　　The network information content service platform shall set up a person in charge of the ecological governance of network information content, and be equipped with professionals suitable for the business scope and service scale, strengthen training and assessment, and improve the quality of employees.

　　Article 10　The network information content service platform shall not disseminate the information specified in Article 6 of these Provisions, and shall guard against and resist the dissemination of the information specified in Article 7 of these Provisions.

　　The network information content service platform shall strengthen the management of information content, and if the information specified in Articles 6 and 7 of these Provisions is found, it shall immediately take disposal measures according to law, keep relevant records, and report to the relevant competent departments.

　　Article 11　Encourage the network information content service platform to adhere to the mainstream value orientation, optimize the information recommendation mechanism, strengthen the ecological management of layout pages, and actively present the information specified in Article 5 of these Provisions in the following key links (including service types and location sections, etc.):

　　(a) the first screen, pop-up window and important news content page of the Internet news information service;

　　(two) Internet users public account information service selection, hot search, etc.;

　　(3) Popular recommendation of blog and microblog information service, list category, pop-up window and information service section based on geographical location, etc.;

　　(four) Internet information search services such as hot search words, hot search pictures and default search;

　　(five) the first screen, list category, pop-up window, etc. of the home page of the Internet forum community service;

　　(six) the first screen, discovery, selection, list category, pop-up window, etc. of the home page of Internet audio and video services;

　　(7) Internet website navigation service, browser service, first screen of input method service, list category, skin, associative words, pop-up window, etc.;

　　(eight) digital reading, online games, online animation services home page first screen, selection, list category, pop-up, etc.;

　　(nine) life service, knowledge service platform home screen, popular recommendation, pop-up, etc.;

　　(ten) e-commerce platform home screen, recommendation area, etc.;

　　(eleven) mobile application stores, mobile intelligent terminals preset application software and built-in information content service first screen, recommendation area, etc.;

　　(twelve) the network information content columns, special areas and products specially serving minors;

　　(thirteen) other key links that are in the eye-catching position of products or services and are easy to attract the attention of users of network information content services.

　　The network information content service platform shall not present the information specified in Article 7 of these Provisions in the above key links.

　　Article 12　If the network information content service platform uses personalized algorithm recommendation technology to push information, it shall set up a recommendation model that meets the requirements of Articles 10 and 11 of these Provisions, and establish and improve the mechanism of manual intervention and user’s independent selection.

　　Article 13　Encourage the network information content service platform to develop a model suitable for minors to use, provide network products and services suitable for minors to use, and facilitate minors to obtain information beneficial to their physical and mental health.

　　Article 14　The network information content service platform shall strengthen the audit inspection of the advertising space set on the platform and the advertising content displayed on the platform, and shall deal with illegal advertisements according to law.

　　Article 15　The network information content service platform shall formulate and publicize the management rules and platform conventions, improve the user agreement, clarify the relevant rights and obligations of users, and perform corresponding management duties according to the law.

　　The network information content service platform shall establish a credit management system for user accounts and provide corresponding services according to the credit status of user accounts.

　　Article 16　The network information content service platform shall set up a convenient entrance for complaints and reports in a prominent position, announce the ways of complaints and reports, accept and dispose of public complaints and reports in a timely manner and feed back the results.

　　Article 17　The network information content service platform shall prepare an annual report on the ecological governance of network information content, which shall include the work of ecological governance of network information content, the performance of duties of the person in charge of ecological governance of network information content, and social evaluation.

Chapter IV Users of Network Information Content Services

　　Article 18　Users of network information content services shall use the network in a civilized and healthy way, earnestly fulfill their corresponding obligations in accordance with the requirements of laws and regulations and the user agreement, and participate in network activities in the form of posting, replying, leaving messages, barrage, etc., with civilized interaction and rational expression, and shall not release the information specified in Article 6 of these Provisions, and prevent and resist the information specified in Article 7 of these Provisions.

　　Article 19　The founders and managers of online groups and forums should fulfill the responsibility of managing groups and forums, and regulate the information release in groups and forums according to laws and regulations, user agreements and platform conventions.

　　Article 20　Encourage users of network information content services to actively participate in the ecological governance of network information content, supervise illegal and bad information on the Internet through complaints and reports, and jointly safeguard a good network ecology.

　　Article 21　Users, producers and platforms of network information content services shall not use the network and related information technologies to commit such illegal acts as insulting, slandering, threatening, spreading rumors and infringing on others’ privacy, thus harming others’ legitimate rights and interests.

　　Article 22　Users, producers and service platforms of network information content shall not infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of others or seek illegal interests by publishing, deleting information or other means of interfering with information presentation.

　　Article 23　Users, producers and service platforms of network information content shall not engage in activities prohibited by laws and administrative regulations by using new technologies and applications such as deep learning and virtual reality.

　　Article 24　Users and producers of network information content services and network information content service platforms are not allowed to commit traffic fraud, traffic hijacking, false account registration, illegal account trading, user account manipulation and other acts by manual means or technical means, thus undermining the ecological order of the network.

　　Article 25　Network information content service users, network information content producers and network information content service platforms shall not use party flag, party emblem, national flag, national emblem, national anthem and other symbols and contents representing the image of the party and the country, or use the names of major national events, major anniversaries and state organs and their staff to carry out online business marketing activities in violation of laws and regulations.

Chapter V Network Industry Organization

　　Article 26　Encourage industry organizations to play the role of service guidance and bridge, guide member units to enhance their sense of social responsibility, sing the main theme, promote positive energy, oppose illegal information, and prevent and resist bad information.

　　Article 27　Encourage industry organizations to establish and improve industry self-discipline mechanisms, formulate industry norms and self-discipline conventions for ecological governance of network information content, establish detailed rules for content audit standards, guide member units to establish and improve service norms, provide network information content services according to law, and accept social supervision.

　　Article 28　Encourage industry organizations to carry out education, training, publicity and guidance on the ecological governance of network information content, improve the governance capacity of member units and employees, and enhance the awareness of the whole society to participate in the ecological governance of network information content.

　　Article 29　Encourage industry organizations to promote the construction of industry credit evaluation system, establish an evaluation and reward mechanism such as industry appraisal according to the articles of association, increase the incentive and punishment for member units, and strengthen the sense of trustworthiness of member units.

Chapter VI Supervision and Administration

　　Article 30　Network information departments at all levels shall, jointly with relevant competent departments, establish and improve working mechanisms such as information sharing, consultation and notification, joint law enforcement, case supervision, information disclosure, etc., and jointly carry out ecological governance of network information content.

　　Article 31　Network information departments at all levels carry out supervision and inspection on the performance of the main responsibility of information content management by the network information content service platform, and carry out special supervision on the platform with problems.

　　The network information content service platform shall cooperate with the supervision and inspection carried out by the network information department and the relevant competent departments according to law.

　　Article 32　Network information departments at all levels shall establish an account management system for illegal activities of the network information content service platform, and deal with them according to the law and regulations.

　　Article 33　The network information departments at all levels shall establish a supervision and evaluation mechanism with the participation of the government, enterprises, society, netizens and other subjects, and regularly evaluate the ecological governance of the network information content service platform within their respective administrative areas.

Chapter VII Legal Liability

　　Article 34　If the producer of network information content violates the provisions of Article 6 of these Provisions, the network information content service platform shall, in accordance with the law, take measures such as warning and rectification, limiting functions, suspending updates, closing accounts, etc., promptly eliminate illegal information content, keep records and report to the relevant competent departments.

　　Article 35　If the network information content service platform violates the provisions of Article 10 and Article 31, paragraph 2 of these Provisions, it shall be dealt with by the relevant competent departments such as the network letter according to their duties and in accordance with the provisions of the Network Security Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Measures for the Administration of Internet Information Services and other laws and administrative regulations.

　　Article 36　If the network information content service platform violates the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 11 of these Provisions, the network information department at or above the municipal level shall conduct an interview according to its duties, give a warning and order it to make corrections within a time limit; Refuses to correct or if the circumstances are serious, it shall be ordered to suspend the information update and be dealt with in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations.

　　Article 37　Network information content service platform in violation of the provisions of Article 9, Article 12, Article 15, Article 16, Article 17, by the district above the municipal level network information department according to the duties of interviews, given a warning, ordered to make corrections within a time limit; Refuses to correct or if the circumstances are serious, it shall be ordered to suspend the information update and be dealt with in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations.

　　Article 38　In violation of the provisions of Article 14, Article 18, Article 19, Article 21, Article 22, Article 23, Article 24 and Article 25, the relevant competent departments such as online letters shall, according to their duties, deal with them in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations.

　　Article 39　According to laws, administrative regulations and the relevant provisions of the state, the network information department shall, jointly with the relevant competent departments, establish and improve a joint disciplinary mechanism for serious breach of trust in network information content services, and impose disciplinary measures such as restrictions on engaging in network information services, online behavior restrictions, and industry bans on network information content service platforms, network information content producers and network information content users who seriously violate these provisions according to laws and regulations.

　　Article 40　In violation of the provisions, causing damage to others, shall bear civil liability according to law; If the case constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law; If it does not constitute a crime, it shall be punished by the relevant competent department in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations.

Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions

　　Article 41　The producer of network information content as mentioned in these Provisions refers to the organization or individual that produces, copies and publishes network information content.

　　The term "network information content service platform" as mentioned in these Provisions refers to the network information service provider that provides network information content dissemination services.

　　The term "users of network information content services" as mentioned in these Provisions refers to organizations or individuals that use network information content services.

　　Article 42　These Provisions shall come into force as of March 1, 2020.

　　At present, the temperature in winter is changeable, cold and hot, and respiratory infectious diseases such as influenza enter the high-incidence season.

　　According to the press conference of the National Health and Wellness Committee, at present, with the continuous winter in various places, respiratory diseases have entered a period of high incidence. Monitoring shows that influenza is the main infectious disease of respiratory tract recently. In addition, there are rhinovirus, mycoplasma pneumoniae, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus and so on.

　　Recent monitoring in Guangzhou shows that acute respiratory infectious diseases mainly caused by influenza and mycoplasma pneumoniae are active, and respiratory infections caused by rhinovirus, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus and other common respiratory pathogens are intertwined. In particular, the level of influenza activity has increased significantly. At present, influenza A (H3N2 subtype) and influenza B (Victoria strain) are prevalent at the same time, and influenza is gradually entering the winter epidemic period.

　　How to judge which pathogen is infected? Influenza, mycoplasma pneumoniae and respiratory syncytial virus infection will all have symptoms such as cough and fever. How to distinguish them?

　　flu

　　Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus. Influenza patients and recessive infected people are the main sources of influenza infection, and the transmission route is mainly droplet transmission, but also through direct or indirect contact with mucous membranes such as mouth, nose and eyes.

　　The incubation period is 1-4 days, and the acute onset is mainly manifested as fever (high fever can occur in some cases, reaching 39-40℃), cough, sore throat, headache, myalgia and general malaise, and there may be symptoms such as chills, chills, aches and pains in muscles and joints all over the body, fatigue and loss of appetite. Some patients may be accompanied by vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea, which are more common in children.

　　Influenza patients generally have a good prognosis. After 3-4 days of onset, their body temperature gradually subsides and their systemic symptoms improve. However, children, the elderly, people with basic diseases, obese people and pregnant women are prone to develop into severe diseases after infection, so they should be treated promptly.

　　Vaccination with influenza vaccine can effectively reduce infection, even if it is infected, it can also reduce the incidence, and even if it is infected, it can also reduce the severity of the disease.

　　Mycoplasma pneumoniae

　　Mycoplasma pneumoniae is the smallest known microorganism that can live independently between bacteria and viruses. It is mainly transmitted by droplets and direct contact, and the population is generally susceptible, especially in children and adolescents over 5 years old. Usually, when the seasons change, for example, when summer turns to autumn or autumn turns to winter, there may be local and short-lived clustering epidemics.

　　The incubation period is 2-3 weeks, and the main symptoms are similar to those of most respiratory diseases, with fever and cough as the main symptoms. Generally, the cough is severe, and it may last for 1-2 weeks after the fever has gone down. After children are infected with mycoplasma, most of them show upper respiratory tract infection, a small number of them are lower respiratory tract infection (possibly bronchitis or pneumonia), and a small number of them may develop into severe mycoplasma pneumonia.

　　Generally speaking, after mycoplasma infection, there will be no repeated infection in a short period of time (1-2 months). It should be noted that if the symptoms of infection recur, it is often that the last mycoplasma pneumoniae infection did not heal, and the local lesions were not completely removed and secondary infection occurred.

　　At present, there is no vaccine to prevent mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. If you have fever accompanied by severe cough, you should see a doctor in time, find out the cause as soon as possible, standardize the treatment, and avoid using drugs blindly.

　　Respiratory syncytial virus

　　Respiratory syncytial virus is a common and highly contagious RNA virus. Spread through droplets and close contact, or spread through contaminated hands and surfaces.

　　The incubation period is usually 2-8 days, and detoxification can last for 1-3 weeks. Patients often have upper respiratory symptoms after infection, and the typical symptoms of children infected with syncytial virus are fever, cough, stuffy nose and runny nose. The typical symptoms of adult infection are very similar to the common cold, such as low-grade fever, cough, stuffy nose and runny nose.

　　Most patients’ symptoms will disappear spontaneously within 1-2 weeks, and a small number can develop into lower respiratory tract infection (i.e. bronchiolitis or pneumonia), which is more common in young infants. Clinical symptoms include cough and wheezing.

　　At present, there are no syncytial virus vaccines and special therapeutic drugs on the market in China. Syncytial virus can be repeatedly infected and easily spread at home, and infection can be prevented by strengthening personal protection and other measures.

　　Rhinovirus

　　Rhinovirus is one of the main pathogens causing the common cold. Mainly through direct contact and droplet transmission; Infants, the elderly and immunocompromised people are susceptible to rhinovirus.

　　The incubation period is 2-5 days, and the clinical manifestations are mainly runny nose, sneezing, throat discomfort, nasal congestion, cough, mild sore throat, low or slightly elevated body temperature, often accompanied by sinusitis and otitis media. Although rhinovirus infection can gain immunity, it lasts for a short time, so people can be infected with rhinovirus repeatedly.

　　At present, there is no specific prevention and treatment method. The patient’s condition is generally self-limited, with mild symptoms and can be cured in a week or so.

　　adenovirus

　　Adenovirus is not a new virus, it is a common virus that causes respiratory infection in children, and it is the main cause of community-acquired pneumonia in children. It can spread through droplets, close contact and fecal-oral route, and can also spread through water. Babies over 6 months old, school-age children and immunocompromised people are the high-risk groups of adenovirus infection.

　　The course of disease is usually 5-7 days, but the symptoms may last for up to 2 weeks, which may be complicated with bacterial infection. Symptoms vary according to the affected parts, and may include: fever, sore throat, runny nose, cough, earache, conjunctivitis (also known as "red eye"), diarrhea and hoarseness.

　　Adenovirus infection is mostly self-limited and supportive treatment is adopted. Antiviral therapy is usually only used for severe adenovirus disease, and most of these patients have impaired immune function.

　　At present, there is no adenovirus vaccine in China, and the prevention of adenovirus infection mainly focuses on hygiene, especially hand hygiene.

　　How to scientifically prevent respiratory diseases in daily life?

　　1. Wash your hands frequently. Wash your hands with soap or hand sanitizer and flowing water. Cover your mouth and nose with a handkerchief or paper towel when sneezing or coughing to avoid polluting your hands and the surrounding environment.

　　2. More ventilation. Keep the indoor air circulating, and generally ventilate 2-3 times a day at home in winter for about 30 minutes each time.

　　3. gather less. During the epidemic of infectious diseases in winter and spring, try not to go to crowded places and avoid contact with patients with respiratory diseases. It is recommended to wear masks when you need to go.

　　4. Drink plenty of boiled water. Keep the nasal mucosa moist, effectively resist the invasion of viruses, and also facilitate the excretion of toxins in the body and purify the environment in the body.

　　5. Eat a balanced diet and exercise properly to enhance your physical fitness (outdoor activities should be reduced in foggy days).

　　6. Vaccinate. Vaccine is an effective means to prevent related infectious diseases. For infectious diseases such as influenza, chickenpox and mumps, susceptible people can be prevented by vaccination in advance.

　　7. Once infected with infectious diseases in winter and spring, patients should take hospitalization or rest at home according to their illness and doctor’s advice, and avoid participating in group activities and entering public places during this period. Resume daily activities such as going to school and going to work after it is not contagious.

　　Source: "Guangzhou CDC I Health" WeChat WeChat official account

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As a means of transportation that relies on electric energy, it is essential to charge electric vehicles. However, different car owners have different ideas about the habit of charging electric vehicles. Some of them charge only when the power is running out, and some people charge frequently and charge every day. So, can electric vehicles be charged every day? The little expert made it clear once today and really learned it after reading it.

As for the way of "charging every day", it can’t be said that it is absolutely correct or absolutely wrong. After all, if the battery life of an electric car is only forty or fifty kilometers and you travel twenty or thirty kilometers every day, you have to charge it every day. Whether you can charge it every day depends on whether the advantages outweigh the disadvantages or the disadvantages outweigh the advantages. Let’s take a detailed look at the advantages and disadvantages of "charging every day" of an electric car.

Regarding the habit of "charging every day", what are the advantages of it compared with the need to use clean electricity to recharge? According to the expert’s summary, there are two simple and clear ones.

The first is to reduce the battery vulcanization reaction and slow down the battery aging speed:

What kind of battery is the fastest aging, that is, the battery with faster vulcanization speed, which leads to battery vulcanization, and the most important point is power loss. As long as the battery is discharged and not replenished in time, the sulfuric acid concentration of the battery is thin, and sulfide crystals will form, which will lead to battery capacity reduction and battery aging.

If the battery is charged every day, it can be replenished in time after discharge, and the concentration of electrolyte in the battery gradually increases, returning to the concentration before discharge, which can prevent the battery from vulcanizing and slow down the aging speed of the battery.

Secondly, there is no need to worry about the power failure halfway, and there is no need to take emergency treatment methods that damage the battery:

If the electric car is charged every day, there will naturally be no trouble in the middle of the road. As long as there is no electricity in the middle of the road, the emergency switch such as ACS provided by the manufacturer will not be used by the owner, and there is no need to worry about damaging the battery.

As for the ACS switch, it can still release electric energy when the electric vehicle shows insufficient power, but once it is turned on, it will release all the protection voltage of the battery, which is very harmful to the battery. If it can be used, try not to use it.

Talking about the advantages of charging every day, but since discussing this way, there must be advantages and disadvantages, otherwise there is no need to discuss it. Then, what are its disadvantages, you can also sum up two.

The first is the waste of cycle charge and discharge times of the battery:

No matter what kind of battery, as long as the cycle charge and discharge times are used up, the battery will be scrapped, and charging every day with enough electricity will inevitably lead to the waste of times, especially lead-acid batteries, which must be avoided. It only has about 300 charge and discharge times. If it is used once every three days, it can be used for three years. If it is charged every day, the usable time of the battery will inevitably be shortened.

Secondly, it is easy to accelerate the water loss rate of the battery;

There are two important structures in the battery, the first is the lead plate, and the second is the electrolyte. If the battery is charged every day, the battery temperature will inevitably rise, which will evaporate the electrolyte. If a battery is charged and charged infrequently every day, the water loss rates of the two will be obviously different. When the battery electrolyte is insufficient, the battery performance will be affected and its life will be shortened.

Through the above introduction, we can get an answer. It is not recommended to "charge every day" for electric vehicles. Of course, if the power of electric vehicles is not enough to maintain the battery life for 2 days, it can be "charged every day". Compared with daily charging, it is not perfect. The following experts share the correct charging method, which is conducive to improving battery life.

1. The power of the electric car is enough for more than 2 days. Don’t charge it every day. Recharge it when the power is about 20%.

2, equipped with a lithium battery, because the number of charge and discharge is more than 1000 times, you can charge according to your habits;

3. Charge electric vehicles to avoid sub-zero environment;

4. Every time the electric car is charged, the charger will continue to charge after it turns green to complete the floating charge;

There is no need to choose between the charging habits of electric vehicles. Whether electric vehicles should be charged every day depends on the battery capacity and battery type. Can electric vehicles be charged every day? Through the analysis, it can be seen that lithium batteries are completely ok, while lead-acid batteries have advantages and disadvantages. It is necessary to master the correct charging method according to the situation of electric vehicles and improve the battery durability. What do you think of this? Welcome to comment and exchange.

　Fan Chunhai is a member of the Central Committee of Jiu San Society, a professor at the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Shanghai Jiaotong University, and a member of the Shanghai Municipal Political Consultative Conference. In 2019, he was co-elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences.

At the age of 26, he received a doctorate in biochemistry and molecular biology from Nanjing University.

At the age of 33, he was supported by the Outstanding Youth Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China.

At the age of 42, his team developed a new method for inducing nano-scale precise mineralization by DNA self-assembly structure, which was published in Nature, and achieved the first breakthrough in the field of DNA nanotechnology by China researchers.

He has been selected as a "highly cited scientist in the world" in the past six years.

At the age of 45, he was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences, the youngest among the Shanghai academicians in 2019.

He is Fan Chunhai, member of the Central Committee of the Jiu San Society, member of the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, and director of the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Jiu San Society.

Fan Chunhai’s office is located in the Translational Medicine Research Center of Shanghai Jiaotong University. Next to the simple and bright office is a uniform laboratory. The experimental platform is filled with all kinds of equipment. The window is bright and clean, with few other colors except black and white. Fan Chunhai, who has just been interviewed by his alma mater, is still immersed in the memories of middle school life. Talking about today’s achievements, he said with emotion: "These 20 years happened to be a period of rapid development in China, and the conditions and level of scientific research have undergone tremendous changes. I am glad to catch up with such a good era and let me make great achievements in scientific research."

Fan Chunhai belongs to the Ministry of Chemistry in the published results of the co-election of academicians of China Academy of Sciences. He once won the Tan Jiazhen Prize for Innovation in Life Sciences, one of the most influential awards in the field of life sciences in China. After returning to China, he chose the Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences as his work unit. Under such a "cross-border", it seems difficult to define his professional field. His explanation for this is: "Subject field and research direction are different concepts, and my research direction has not changed for more than 20 years. I have been engaged in basic research on biosensing since I was a graduate student, just to explore the unknown world and need a broader vision. "

In 1992, Fan Chunhai, who was preparing to take the college entrance examination, applied for the Department of Biochemistry of Nanjing University. "At that time, the choice of biochemistry was blind and I didn’t understand it at all. But I vaguely feel that biochemistry has both biology and chemistry. This name is cool! " Fan Chunhai recalled.

樊春海在南京大学读书时，生物化学系就有浓郁的学科交叉氛围，系里的口号是“学不好化学，就做不好生物化学”。我国生物制药技术研发的开拓者之一，肝素、尿激酶工业的创始人朱德煦时任系主任，中国科学院院士、生命分析化学概念的创导者和生命分析化学国家重点实验室创始人陈洪渊的博士李根喜在生物化学系任教，樊春海在研究生期间得到他们的指导，在生物化学和生命分析化学两条学术传承线的交叉点起步，从事电化学生物传感器的研究，这在当时属于前沿交叉学科。

在前沿学科里不断前进，必须更多地了解国际上的科研动态，“我读书那会儿，经常需要看国外文献，遗憾的是那时看到的文献会滞后至少半年。”樊春海偶然读到《先进材料》（Advanced Materials）杂志对圣塔芭芭拉加州大学（UCSB）艾伦？黑格（Alan J. Heeger）教授（诺贝尔化学奖获得者）的专访文章。文章中黑格表示，自己在获诺贝尔奖后希望做一些以往不敢做的事，比如生物学，特别是生物传感方面的研究。樊春海内心有种一拍即合的快感，随即就向黑格教授申请了博士后，并最终获得认可。

Allen? Haig is a professor in the Department of Physics, but he always advocates interdisciplinary research. Many years later, Professor Haig said modestly in a speech in China: "I knew nothing about biology at that time, even the most basic knowledge such as DNA molecular structure was taught by Chunhai."

"Studying in a Nobel Prize winner’s laboratory, the vision of seeing problems and the way to deal with problems are very different from those in an ordinary laboratory." Fan Chunhai admits that when he was working as a postdoctoral fellow, he realized a deeper connotation about interdisciplinary. Working in Haig’s laboratory, Fan Chunhai had to carry out multiple scientific research projects at the same time, which once overwhelmed him. "You just pick the most important thing to do." This sentence of the tutor made Fan Chunhai enlightened, and he still often guides him to make judgments.

Under the guidance of Professor Haig, Fan Chunhai has made some research progress, and related research work has been published in authoritative magazines such as Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) and Journal of the American Chemical Society (JACS). Among them, an electrochemical DNA biosensor named E-DNA has been developed, which has been widely praised by international peers. American Chemical Society C&E News rated it as one of the important chemical progress in 2003.

The postdoctoral experience has greatly broadened Fan Chunhai’s horizons and strengthened his confidence in interdisciplinary research. At that time, China was in the initial stage of discipline construction and needed a lot of new blood. In January 2004, Fan Chunhai joined sinap with the support of the "Hundred Talents Program" of China Academy of Sciences. Coincidentally, the day when he joined the defense was the day when the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Light Source Project undertaken by the Institute was approved after ten years of hard preparation. This internationally advanced synchrotron radiation light source was completed in only five years. The scientists who participated in the project are not afraid of hardships and hard work, and are praised as "Shanghai Light Source Spirit". In the past five years, under the inspiration of "Shanghai Light Source Spirit", Fan Chunhai built a laboratory from scratch.

In 2008, Fan Chunhai and others established a physical biology laboratory and set up a multidisciplinary research team integrating physics, chemistry and biology. This unique interdisciplinary research atmosphere not only enabled the biosensor research to advance rapidly, but also broadened more frontier research directions. In 2016, the important achievement of the laboratory, "Research on Mechanism, Regulation and Application of Biomolecular Interface", won the second prize of National Natural Science.

In recent years, Fan Chunhai’s team has applied biosensing probes detected in vitro to cells, and is committed to developing frame nucleic acid cell imaging technology. "It doesn’t matter what technology you use, physics or chemistry, or nanotechnology. What matters is that you find some new methods and use some new technologies to observe and decipher the mysteries of life."

"Individual growth cannot be separated from excellent collectives"

Fan Chunhai always appreciates the strength of the collective. Whether it is the study and life in middle schools and universities or the scientific research work, Fan Chunhai believes that the excellent collective has given him the motivation for personal growth.

He recalled that he was never the best student in middle school. "I am a person who knows by learning, not a person who knows by birth." In high school, many of my classmates were excellent. Everyone always discussed problems harmoniously and equally, forming a rich learning atmosphere. Under the professional guidance of teachers, everyone was growing and making progress. In the end, the whole class handed over an excellent answer sheet in the college entrance examination. "

There is such a collective star effect in scientific research, such as the famous Cavendish laboratory, which has trained more than 20 Nobel Prize winners in the past 100 years. "So scientific research has never been alone, and the progress of each group cannot be separated from individual efforts, and the growth of individuals cannot be separated from an excellent group." Fan Chunhai said.

At the beginning of this century, the scientific research conditions in Chinese universities were still relatively difficult, and the information was not as developed as it is now. It was the dream of many analytical chemists in China to be able to publish papers in Analytical Chemistry in the United States. At that time, only Mr. Chen Hongyuan in Nanjing University published papers in this magazine. Fan Chunhai published a paper in Analytical Chemistry as the first author under the guidance of his tutors, and achieved a breakthrough.

Interdisciplinary cooperation is also inseparable from the cooperation between scientists and the whole team. Fan Chunhai, deeply inspired by the "Shanghai Light Source Spirit", hopes to do the same internationally influential research work in Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Mr. Li Mingan and researcher Hu Jun are early explorers in the cross-research of nano-organisms in China. With their guidance and help, Fan Chunhai gradually made it clear that DNA nanotechnology is the starting point to form research characteristics.

DNA nanotechnology is to use the excellent self-assembly and recognition ability of DNA molecules as a nano-material to achieve accurate nano-construction. In 2006, the nano-scale "Map of China" assembled by DNA molecules was successfully created and published in both Chinese and English editions of Science Bulletin, which made an international appearance with China characteristics and became the second published work in the frontier cross field of "DNA origami", which was jointly completed by Fan Chunhai, Hu Jun and Academician He Lin of Shanghai Jiaotong University.

After years of accumulation, Fan Chunhai’s team developed a new method to induce nano-scale precise mineralization by DNA self-assembly structure, which improved the mechanical properties of DNA nano-structure while maintaining its exquisite design, and opened a new door for the construction and analysis of bionic nano-channels. This research achievement was published in the journal Nature, which achieved the first breakthrough in this field by researchers in China.

During the epidemic in COVID-19, due to the lack of Covid-19 RNA reference materials, the performance of nucleic acid detection kits could not be evaluated, and the competitiveness of high-quality domestic kits could not be strongly proved. Faced with this situation, with the deep participation and support of Fan Chunhai’s team, Shanghai Jiaotong University and Shanghai Institute of Metrology and Testing Technology jointly set up a research team and started the research and development project of Covid-19 RNA reference materials. After more than 40 days of repeated trials and improvements, two kinds of "novel coronavirus standard materials for RNA transcription in vitro" were successfully developed. These Covid-19 reference materials, like a "biological standard ruler", can help people to evaluate the indicators of the virus nucleic acid detection kit and help the detection laboratory to confirm the results, thus further reducing the probability of "false negative".

Facing the students from different majors in the team, Fan Chunhai advocates teaching students in accordance with their aptitude and effective guidance. "Students are not managed, but grow up freely under appropriate guidance. My task is to tap students’ interest in scientific research, help them establish correct values and lofty aspirations, and become firm supporters of students."

The road of scientific research has always been bumpy. The life of researchers is more like an ascetic monk to many people, but in their hearts, they are happy because of their love for science. In Fan Chunhai’s view, this happiness is not equal to comfort. He encourages students: "To do scientific research, we should be brave enough to go out of our comfort zone and challenge new things."

"Teamwork and independent thinking are equally important. I hope that every student can choose his own topic under the background of team research, and actively explore various possibilities without relying on authority." Despite his busy work, Fan Chunhai will try his best to take time to communicate with the students face to face, not sitting in danger, but full of relaxation and pleasure.

Fan Chunhai always tries his best to support and encourage students’ decisions and every attempt. Under his training, two students have been supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars, and four postdoctoral students have been selected for the "Super Postdoctoral Program" in Shanghai in 2020.

Communication and cooperation promoted Fan Chunhai’s scientific research work, and also made him know Li Xinxin, chairman of the Shanghai Branch Committee of the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Chinese Academy of Sciences of the Jiu San Society. The warmth of the Jiu San Society and the spirit of patriotism, democracy and science attracted him. In 2014, he joined the Jiu San Society.

After joining the club, Fan Chunhai successively served as deputy director and director of the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Jiu San Society. Although his scientific research work is still busy, he will still find time to engage in popular science work. "Popular science work is actually a kind of inheritance. Whether it is exploring the unknown world or promoting the country’s scientific and technological development, it needs the efforts of generations. However, the concept of scientific research is not exactly the same as that of textbook education in primary and secondary schools. Our popular science work is not a simple strengthening of textbook knowledge, but a broader vision for children. "

In his mind, interests are hierarchical. The interests of primary and secondary school students are often in textbook knowledge and the use of known world knowledge, while real scientific talents need to keep their interest in exploring the unknown world. Spreading the seeds of science in children’s little hearts will not only keep them interested in exploring the unknown world, but also make the city form an atmosphere of obeying and respecting science, which is also the future light of the construction of Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Center.

Looking back on his own growth experience, Fan Chunhai said with emotion: the cultivation of quality is more important, and the knowledge learned by the school is constantly updated, and the quality cultivated by the school will accompany people all their lives, and good quality will push people forward.

Good quality also made Fan Chunhai on his way to school recognized by teachers. "I am very relieved about what I have told him. No matter whether I get satisfactory results or lessons from failure after completion, he will definitely reply to me and have a serious discussion with me." Professor Li Genxi said of his students, "He is patient in learning and can hold his breath. Once his goal is set, he will be firm and forge ahead. His success is no accident."

In the interview, Fan Chunhai rarely talked about specific difficulties, because he believed that difficulties always existed, and problems could be solved as long as he worked hard and was good at learning and observing. In the communication with his students, Fan Chunhai has always conveyed a belief: optimistic and unyielding. "The development of science is not a full stop, but a comma. The success of scientific research depends on whether you have the courage to face failure and the determination to be more frustrated on the road of exploration. I hope that all students can work hard for the scientific dream of mankind."

It has been nearly thirty years since I entered the university and contacted the interdisciplinary subject of biochemistry. Along the way, Fan Chunhai has grown from an ignorant teenager to an internationally renowned scientist: he was selected as a Fellow of American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), American Academy of Medical and Biological Engineering (AIMBE), international society of electrochemistry (ISE) and royal society of chemistry (RSC), and concurrently served as the deputy editor of ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Journal of American Chemical Society. Co-chairman of the editorial board of ChemPlusChem, royal society of chemistry, has been selected as a "global highly cited scientist" continuously since 2014. In 2019, he was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences, and won the ho leung ho lee foundation Science and Technology Innovation Award, the American Chemical Society’s Lecture Award for Progress in Measurement Science and the 12th Tan Jiazhen Life Science Innovation Award, and in 2020, he was awarded the title of "National Advanced Worker".

Faced with many honors, Fan Chunhai said calmly: "It is curiosity, responsibility and initial heart that lead me to climb to the peak on the road of science." In the future, he said that he will continue to keep his initial heart and forge ahead, lead students to "look up at the stars, be down-to-earth, persevere and make contributions for a long time", constantly explore the frontiers of science, and make due efforts to promote the scientific and technological progress of the country and society.

Fan Chunhai’s goal is to promote his basic research work to clinical application and protect human health. After joining the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Fan Chunhai built the laboratory of "Framework Nucleic Acid Design and Nano-medical Diagnosis and Treatment" based on the newly completed national major scientific and technological infrastructure of translational medicine, and devoted himself to transforming and applying the developed new methods of nucleic acid analysis and detection to clinic. In particular, he received the full support of Academician Tan Weihong, Dean of the Institute of Molecular Medicine of Shanghai Jiaotong University, and actively carried out clinical cooperation in Renji Hospital, trying to apply biosensors to the detection of practical clinical samples such as prostate cancer, and exploring the possibility of developing low-cost medical detection.

"The road is long and Xiu Yuan is awkward, and I will search up and down." Fan Chunhai is still moving forward on the road of seeking. In 2019, in order to commemorate the tenth anniversary of the publication, "Nature? The magazine Nature Chemistry specially invited more than 50 internationally renowned scholars to write a monograph on "The Road to Chemistry". As one of them, Fan Chunhai raised a challenging question in the field of chemistry: "An exciting frontier of the discipline is to understand how artificially designed nucleic acid structures are assembled and function in living cells and animals. Creating new tools to control the assembly process of natural and artificial nucleic acid molecules in living cells will probably bring revolutionary changes to the field of nucleic acid chemistry, thus promoting the development of nano-diagnosis and treatment and precision medicine. In the longer term, another promising research direction is to explore and develop DNA or RNA robots with artificial intelligence and work in animals and humans. " (Huang yun)

three three

Sichuan is spicy and addictive. Hot and sour powder, saliva chicken, spicy chicken pot, cold pot string … Red spicy oil, fragrant pepper, eat to the scalp sour, sweating, shaped like a taste purgatory trip, but the aftertaste is getting deeper and longer, and it will become addictive after a long time. However, the food in this place is so brilliant that 1,000 Chengdu people may have 1,000 small shops they like.

Sichuan is spicy, fragrant and hemp, and saliva is secreted at a glance. The graphs in this paper are all three graphs.

An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening

No matter how famous the hot pot in Shudu is, you can’t eat it early in the morning. Everyone in the land of abundance is very comfortable, sleeping until they wake up naturally, hungry for the first meal, where to go and what to eat? Go to a fat sausage shop with heavy taste, eat a bowl of bean soup rice with pure pie, and the old school will come to a bowl of red oil to copy their hands. After eating and drinking enough, they are full of vitality, so they can set off for the teahouse.

Pork intestines powder+pot helmet is my favorite breakfast. Pork intestines powder must be white and tender, and the powder is strong. The intestines should be washed clean without peculiar smell, simmered slowly with a little chewiness, red oil slipped and stained a little, and some soup should be hooked in the bend to make people enjoy themselves.

The powder should be high-quality sweet potato powder, and it is best to make it by hand, so that the taste is strong. The seasoning should be enough, and the sauce should not be vague. It must be aged Pixian bean paste, and the fragrance is layered. It is absolutely comfortable to eat in such a bowl. Another crispy pot helmet, hand-made noodles, strong fragrance, fresher soaking, is simply authentic civilian food.

Pork rolls with pot helmet.

People who like the large intestine are regarded as treasures. No matter at noon for breakfast, when you enter the fat sausage shop, braised sausage head and mixed sausage head are not to be missed. The sausage head tastes the most refreshing, tender, thick and chewy. Authentic stores turn the whole piece over and wash it with alum. When it is finished, cut it into pieces to taste before serving, so that the delicious food is firmly sealed and blooms before serving. The intestines are fat and heavy, and it is even thicker when soaked in red oil peppers. With fresh and tender cress, the fresh and spicy fragrance makes the tongue unable to find the north for a while.

Everyone who will order will have a sausage head.

In Chengdu breakfast, only miscellaneous sauce noodles can compete with pork intestines powder.

A bowl of miscellaneous sauce noodles with red oil begins a day full of vitality.

Miscellaneous sauce noodles are the most popular in small noodles in the morning. Knowledgeable families must cut alkaline noodles with fresh water, commonly known as cudgel noodles, which have a yellowish surface and taste strong. The miscellaneous sauce for mixing noodles is ironclad sesame sauce, Hanyuan pepper noodles, pork minced meat and Chili oil, plus some sugar, garlic paste, soy sauce and the like. When you smell it in the morning, you will be full of saliva, and the dishes are green vegetables in winter and cowpeas in summer.

When it is hot, cold noodles with shredded chicken is the savior of appetite. You don’t need to see the fire, the store can mix a bowl in 5 seconds. The white jade congealed face, glittering and translucent spicy oil, and shredded chicken without oil flowers are chilled and refreshed. Popular stores use chicken leg meat, and then use chicken soup with noodles. No matter how hot it is, diners will continue.

Cold noodles with shredded chicken is the savior of summer.

Baijia gaoji pork intestines rice rolls

Baijia Town, South Third Ring Road, Shuangliu County

Ganji rice rolls

No.26-32 Xiaojiahe Middle Street, Wuhou District, Jiangyou Pork Intestines, No.18 Ma ‘an North Road, jinniu district

Noodles

9-21 Ximianqiao Street, Wuhou District

Liuji Lupin Branch (Cold Noodles with Chicken)

No.192, Randeng Temple North Street, Wuhou District

King of Sichuan cuisine twice-cooked pork

Apart from hot pot, there are four most popular Sichuan dishes in the world, namely, Sichuan style pork, diced chicken with kung pao, shredded pork with fish sauce and Mapo tofu. These four sweet, sour, spicy and fragrant dishes are balanced and palatable, which makes Sichuan cuisine invincible. But the dish that can be regarded as the "king of Sichuan cuisine" is probably Sichuan style pork.

Authentic Sichuan-style stew pork must use "two knives".

Sichuan people have always loved Sichuan pork. However, I’m afraid many Sichuanese didn’t expect that the Sichuan-style pork they ate was not authentic. From the selection of materials, ingredients to the final side dishes, it is actually very particular to fry a plate of authentic Sichuan style pork.

The most authentic Sichuan-style pork comes with skin and hind legs, which is called "Erdao" locally. The second knife meat has regular shape, reasonable fat and thin collocation, and heavy meat flavor. Add aniseed, pepper and cooking wine and boil it until it is raw. Add oil to the wok and burn the meat. The cooked meat looks like a lamp nest, then add wine and salt. After a little cooking, add bean paste and then sweet noodle sauce. Yes, you certainly didn’t expect that authentic Sichuan style pork and sweet noodle sauce are also essential, and the rich sauce flavor comes from this.

The side dishes of Sichuan style pork are also exquisite, and they must be garlic seedlings. Garlic seedlings are particularly important for Sichuan style pork, which not only smells fragrant, but also leaves of garlic seedlings can fully absorb the fat of meat, and it is also a rare delicacy. Stir-fried pork with garlic sprouts and special soy sauce until it is cut off. Only after turning off the fire can vegetables have a unique fresh feeling, and sometimes they are more popular than the meat on the plate.

Many fly restaurants in Chengdu cook Sichuan style pork, but when it comes to exquisite and clean materials, it will be the most popular one to turn around. As one of the longest restaurants in Chengdu at present, what it advocates here is the comfortable life in old Sichuan. In the old house with cornices and arches at the entrance of Lotus Lane, there are several thick wooden tables and bamboo chairs in the small courtyard of blue brick, which are the seats that guests scramble to reserve every day.

Zhuanzhuanhui (Liangui Branch)

No.25 Lianhua South Road (near Longzhou Road Police Station); 028-84511000

Chengdu Midnight Food Store

No matter how late the night is in Chengdu, there is also a snack bar with a light on and a steaming pot boiling, which attracts hungry passers-by with delicious meat. On a cold winter night, there is nothing warmer than a bowl of soup.

The hoof flower soup has warmed many wet winters in Chengdu.

Age loves hoof flower soup. A bowl of snow-white, rich snow bean and hoof flower soup. The white soup has a thick bean flavor, and there is no oil slick. When swallowed, it seems that there is a thin layer of gum condensed in the mouth, which is warm and smooth. The store keeps the skin of pig’s trotters white and shiny, so delicate that you can’t see the pores. When chopsticks touch them, they will be soft and detached from the bones. They will be dipped in soy sauce, vinegar, sesame oil, pepper powder, chopped pepper and chopped green onion, which will drive away the cold in one bite and cheer up in two. If you are tired of eating the taste of snow beans, kelp and lotus root will have another flavor.

Another late-night snack that is quite chivalrous is black chicken feet.

The huge black chicken feet, which are longer than the palm of a man’s hand, have traveled all over the restaurants in Chengdu, large and small. Without it, they can’t keep up with the trend and play Freestyle. Black chicken feet and ordinary chicken feet are not the same concept at all. The big black chicken from Zigong has an upgraded flavor, and the skin on its legs is smooth and tender. The chicken feet are crisp and chewy, and the soup is rich and the gum is rich. 10 yuan is one. After eating it, I looked up and saw that everyone in the room was eating it.

Liaolaoma pettitoes (Dongchenggen branch)

No.7-11, Dongcheng Gennan Street, Qingyang District; 028-86152948

Wanlai

No.18, Zhaixiangzi, Qingyang District; 15928117959

Black chicken feet longer than human palms.

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Recently, "there are many pig incidents", which has also caused some friends to have some fears about pork. Fans have also privately asked Uncle Meat about which pork can and cannot be eaten in the background:

"Is it true that pig kidney has heavy metal residues and cannot be eaten?"

"Don’t eat pig lung with virus."

"The pig’s large intestine is full of poop …"

In this issue, I will focus on the questions about internal organs raised by everyone, and answer them. Let’s get to know each other!

1. Is there much heavy metal in pig liver?

Really, but not necessarily exceeding the standard!

Source: Network

There are indeed heavy metal residues in the liver of animals such as pig liver. Because pig liver is the largest detoxifier and poison transfer station in pigs, toxic and harmful substances, such as heavy metals, enter the body through metabolism, transformation, detoxification and excretion in the liver.

When the liver function declines or toxic and harmful substances are ingested more, these harmful substances will accumulate in the liver. However, the "high" content of heavy metals in pig liver does not mean that it must exceed the standard. Generally speaking, the pork liver purchased regularly is generally safe to eat. Moreover, pig liver also contains healthy nutrients such as iron and vitamins, and it is good to eat some occasionally.

Advantages:

Protein is rich (comparable to lean pork).

Lower fat (lower than lean pork)

Vitamin A is very high (it is the part with the highest vitamin A content in pigs).

Iron content (7.7 times that of lean pork)

Vitamin B2 is very high.

2. Is pig brain high in cholesterol?

Yes, but it’s okay to eat in moderation!

Source: Network

The cholesterol content in pig brain is really high. The cholesterol content in every 100 grams of pig brain is as high as 2571 mg /100 grams, and the cholesterol in an egg yolk is only about 200 mg.

However, you may not need to worry too much about cholesterol in food. It is no problem to eat pig brain normally, for example, once or twice a month.

Advantages:

There are many minerals such as calcium and phosphorus.

3. Is the pig’s large intestine oily and dirty?

Clean, cook thoroughly and eat safely.

Source: Network

But many people still think that the large intestine is dirty, because the large intestine is the place where the residue (feces) is discharged after food digestion. Because of the need to excrete food residues, there may indeed be more microorganisms in the large intestine, and parasites and pathogenic bacteria may also exist, but as long as the food residues are thoroughly cleaned, washed away and cooked thoroughly when eating, they can still be safely eaten. Of course, there is still a lot of fat in the large intestine, so take it easy when eating.

4. Is there much dust in pig lungs?

Think too much!

Source: Network

It is said that pigs love to arch the ground and have a lot of dust, so pig lungs can’t be eaten. If people breathe a lot of dust in the air, it will indeed enter the lungs, and even lead to pneumoconiosis. However, this disease is only found in people at present, and most of them are special occupational groups that need to contact with a lot of dust.

And most pigs don’t live in places with a lot of dust. Although the pig loves to dig up the soil, it won’t suck it all in like this. Therefore, pig lungs don’t have much dust.

Advantages:

Protein medium.

Low in fat

5. List of pork parts　

Come and find out.

Source: Lilac Life Research Institute

6. The inedible parts of pork

Actually, it’s these three places

There are three parts of the pig that are inedible, namely adrenal gland, thyroid gland and diseased lymph nodes.

Adrenal gland, which is located in front of the inner edge of the pig’s kidney, is often called "small kidney". Eating the meat of adrenal gland by mistake may cause acute poisoning. The clinical manifestations are dizziness, head swelling, nausea, palpitation, general weakness, stomachache and diarrhea.

Thyroid gland, located behind the larynx and on the ventral side of trachea, is commonly known as "chestnut meat". After eating meat containing thyroid gland by mistake, symptoms such as palpitation, shortness of breath, arrhythmia, headache, tinnitus, irritability, hyperhidrosis, nausea, anorexia, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea may occur.

The pig’s lymph nodes are grayish white or yellowish bumps, which are distributed all over the pig and concentrated in the neck, commonly known as flower seed meat. Pathological lymph nodes contain a large number of bacteria and their toxins, and people who eat by mistake are prone to infectious diseases.

These places contain pig endocrine hormones, pathogenic microorganisms and other harmful substances, which have certain health risks, and are required to be removed in regular slaughter. If pork with meat stalls is found to have "three glands", don’t buy it.

In short, it is safe to eat all kinds of common pig viscera or pork if it is purchased through formal channels (such as large supermarkets) and fully washed and cooked thoroughly.

References:

Yang Yuexin. China Food Composition Table Standard Edition, 6th Edition, Volume 2 [M]. Beijing: Peking University Medical Press, 2019.

Zhang Haihu, Wang Haili, Jia Meng. Gland removal and treatment in meat quarantine [J]. Henan Animal Husbandry and Veterinary (Comprehensive Edition), 2010:61-62.

　　In order to thoroughly implement the spirit of the national video conference on stabilizing the economy and promote the implementation of the policy of stabilizing growth, Anshan Municipal Finance Bureau actively focused on 33 measures in six aspects, accurately played the guiding role of fiscal policy, and played a set of rapid, accurate and powerful combination boxing to support the development of market players.

　　One isGive priority to services, and increase the interest discount of business guarantee loans. On the one hand, we will increase the publicity and implementation of the discount policy for entrepreneurial loans, and incite financial resources to help enterprises stabilize their posts. On the other hand, we will actively promote mass entrepreneurship and innovation, and increase support for key groups’ entrepreneurship, especially college graduates’ employment and entrepreneurship, so as to promote employment through entrepreneurship. Up to now, 1.91 million yuan of central special funds, 6.473 million yuan of provincial special funds and 2.4 million yuan of municipal special funds have been allocated for the discount of business guarantee loans.

　　The second isTake the initiative to implement the policy of benefiting enterprises. We will continue to implement the policy of reducing the unemployment insurance rate by stages with a total rate of 1% and the policy of returning unemployment insurance to qualified enterprises in a stable position. Optimize vocational training and employment services, implement the subsidy policy for vocational training funds, and include the employment of small and medium-sized enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households in the scope of vocational skills training to enhance the employability of workers. We will implement the subsidy policy for nucleic acid testing expenses of relevant personnel in the retail and catering industries, and allocate a total of 873,500 yuan for nucleic acid testing expenses of employees in the catering and retail industries.

　　The third isContinue to exert efforts to help enterprises solve practical difficulties. Focus on increasing the support of public welfare state-owned enterprises that are greatly affected by the epidemic and support enterprises to tide over the difficulties. In the first half of the year, a total of 50 million yuan of public welfare subsidy index was issued to ensure the normal operation of the Municipal Transportation Group and maintain the normal operation of public transportation. Many times, funds were allocated to the Municipal Water Group to help its subordinate sewage treatment plants and sludge disposal centers operate normally and ensure the safety of residents’ water use. Up to now, more than 89 million yuan has been allocated to solve the historical problems and policy subsidies of state-owned enterprises, and effectively stabilize the main market of state-owned enterprises.

　　The fourth isTargeted policies to guide foreign trade enterprises to make good use of short-term credit insurance tools. We will fully implement policies and measures to increase financial support for foreign-funded enterprises in foreign trade, fully support the development of foreign trade enterprises, and timely release short-term export credit insurance funds of 7.297 million yuan to help export enterprises avoid trade risks and stabilize expectations.

　　In the next step, under the leadership of the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government, Anshan Municipal Finance Bureau will work hard, make every effort to tackle the problem, establish a rapid response mechanism for enterprises’ demands, help enterprises solve problems in time, pay close attention to the subsequent fiscal policies, ensure that policies and measures are implemented early and effective, and strive to stabilize and rebound the economy in the second quarter, so as to ensure a "win-win" situation in the prevention and control of normalized epidemic situation and economic and social development.

　　On April 22nd, the first case of biodiesel refusal in China was held in the second instance of Yunnan Provincial High Court. It is reported that in the second trial, Yunnan Yingding and Sinopec Yunnan Branch agreed to mediate after the debate. At present, the case has entered mediation according to the procedure. If the mediation fails, the court will decide on another day.

　　The development of biodiesel has once again attracted attention. On the same day, the National Strategic Alliance for Technological Innovation of Biodiesel Industry was established in Beijing.

　　It is reported that the Alliance will integrate China’s superior biodiesel resources, build a channel for integration and sharing of technological innovation resources, and realize the large-scale production of biodiesel in China by 2020 through the development of one million mu of Jatropha curcas oil forest base and six sets of 100,000 tons/year biodiesel processing devices.

　　Poor sales channels

　　"After more than ten years of development, biodiesel is still in the early stage of development and has not formed an effective and lasting industrial chain." Lu Bo, chairman of the alliance, told reporters.

　　At present, biodiesel enterprises are mostly small and medium-sized private enterprises with limited funds. From the collection of upstream raw materials to the intermediate production and processing, and then to the downstream gas station sales, the industrial chain has not been extended, which restricts the further development of biodiesel industry, and there are still problems of high investment risk and rising cost. Under the predicament of the industry as a whole, people can’t help but think of the problem of "abandoning wind and limiting electricity". Because the policy and power grid construction have not kept up, a large number of wind turbines can’t be transported out after power generation. Biodiesel is currently facing the same problem-lack of sales channels.

　　Biodiesel enterprises want to sell biodiesel at a profit. However, because they don’t have their own gas stations, private enterprises can only seek cooperation with state-owned enterprises to solve the problem of lack of sales channels. Due to the development of the market and the imperfection of the industrial chain, about 80% of the enterprises engaged in biodiesel production are at a loss or even stop production.

　　"In 2014, the National Energy Administration issued the biodiesel industry policy, and the spring of biodiesel is coming soon, but those bankrupt enterprises can’t see it." Zhang Ping, Secretary-General of the Alliance, said.

　　At present, the biodiesel industry is still in the dilemma of quality, raw materials, management, consumption and capital.

　　"Practice has made us realize that the plight of the development of biodiesel industry cannot be broken through by a single enterprise. Only by establishing an industrial alliance with enterprises as the main body, market-oriented and Industry-University-Research, the scientific research institutions of the state, enterprises and universities will work together to carry out technical cooperation around the key issues of technological innovation in biodiesel industry, break through the core technologies of industrial development, establish a public technology platform, and finally realize the effective division of labor and reasonable link of innovative resources, so that intellectual property rights can be shared. At the same time, accelerate the application of scientific and technological achievements and jointly cultivate talents, thereby enhancing the overall competitiveness of the industry and providing an endless stream of innovation power for the upgrading of the industry. " Zhang Ping said.

　　New model of "two specialties" and "three specialties"

　　"Mixing 10% biodiesel with fossil diesel can reduce automobile exhaust emissions by about 50%," Zhang Ping said. "Haze control is the responsibility of China biodiesel industry, and developing biodiesel industry is a century-old plan for China."

　　"But at present, the development of biodiesel industry must first solve the contradiction that biodiesel products cannot enter the market with the help of the existing huge sales network." Lu Bo added.

　　According to the reporter’s understanding, the Alliance plans to cooperate with the Yunnan provincial government, PetroChina and CAO to build the first national-level biomass aviation kerosene base in China, and promote its industrialization layout in Yunnan, and strive to explore the exclusive mode of biodiesel according to the special situation of biodiesel development. Zhang Ping introduced that the "two specialities" are: first, according to the sales model stipulated in the National Renewable Energy Law, the backbone sales enterprises of refined oil directly purchase and mix biodiesel, and use their existing facilities and huge sales network to promote and sell biodiesel to the market, and the government will reward them according to the amount of biodiesel sold; Second, strive for the Ministry of Commerce to issue a refined oil business license to qualified biodiesel enterprises and innovate the sales model of biodiesel.

　　In addition, based on the experience of many years’ operation in Yunnan Province, Alliance has promoted the integrated development of biodiesel industry alliance, and summarized and refined a set of "three specialties" closed operation modes that conform to the characteristics of biodiesel industry, namely, "biodiesel raw materials are closed for exclusive use", "vehicle biodiesel is mixed exclusively" and "closed area franchise", forming a new development mode of joint development, complementary advantages, benefit sharing and risk sharing.

　　Market application can be expected

　　New energy has gradually become a supplement to traditional energy. Some judicial personages have pointed out that the first case of refusing to trade biodiesel in China reflects not the dispute between enterprises, but the collision between traditional petrochemical energy and new energy.

　　From the domestic point of view, photovoltaic and wind power are the most widely used renewable energy sources in China. Although they can replace coal-fired heating and power generation functions, they are not completely suitable for replacing oil products, especially in automobiles and aviation.

　　At present, all countries in the world are promoting electric vehicles, but they have not been well promoted because of their short battery life and imperfect infrastructure.

　　If biodiesel is produced on a large scale in the future, its prospects in the main application fields such as bio-jet fuel, vehicle biodiesel and fuel biodiesel can be expected.

　　Xu Zengfu, a professor at Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden of China Academy of Sciences, said in an interview that the Alliance plans to complete the planting of 30 million mu of Jatropha curcas seeds and the construction of 15 million tons/year biodiesel supporting devices in 2025, which can mix 150 million tons of biodiesel (B10) to meet the national closed promotion and application. At present, China-made bio-jet fuel made from gutter oil and Jatropha curcas seed oil has been successfully tested, which indicates that bio-diesel will soon be widely used in a large scale after vehicle oil and fuel oil. "He told reporters.

　　According to the person in charge of Zhongshengyou (Beijing) Energy Technology Co., Ltd., the chairman of the alliance, the biodiesel industry in China will soon enter the fast lane of large-scale development with the continuous expansion of the application fields of bio-jet fuel and vehicle biodiesel.

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