All-media reporter Ruan Lu Intern Lu Qun Correspondent Wang Yijun

At present, the weather is getting colder and the temperature difference between day and night is large, which is in the high incidence season of influenza.

Huang Li, deputy director of the Institute of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control of the State Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and Li Fuqiang, an expert on planned immunization, warmly reminded that to prevent seasonal high-incidence respiratory infectious diseases such as influenza, we should make preparations in advance, raise awareness of disease prevention and strengthen health protection.

What is the flu?

Influenza (hereinafter referred to as "influenza") is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus, which is harmful to human health. It can be divided into four types: A, B, C and D. Seasonal influenza viruses include subtype A H3N2, subtype A H1N1 (pdm09), strain B Victoria and strain B Yamagata.

According to Huang Li, the flu mainly manifests as fever, headache, general malaise and other symptoms, and the body temperature can reach 39~40 degrees Celsius. Children’s fever is usually higher than that of adults, and the symptoms may include chills, chills, aching muscles and joints all over the body, fatigue, accompanied by loss of appetite, etc., as well as sore throat, cough, nasal congestion, runny nose, retrosternal discomfort, facial flushing, conjunctival congestion and so on.

Influenza is mainly spread by droplets such as sneezing and coughing. Influenza virus survives in the air for about half an hour. It can be infected by direct or indirect contact with oral cavity, nasal cavity, eyes and other mucous membranes, and it can also be infected by touching articles infected by the virus. In crowded, closed and poorly ventilated places, influenza may also spread in the form of aerosol.

People are generally susceptible to influenza virus, and most of them are self-limited. Some patients will have complications, which can develop to severe illness or even death. The elderly over 65 years old, children under 5 years old, especially children under 2 years old, pregnant women and patients with basic diseases are high-risk groups of influenza and need special attention.

Huang Li reminded that maintaining good personal hygiene habits is an important means to prevent respiratory infectious diseases such as influenza. For example, wash your hands frequently, keep indoor ventilation, try to avoid going to crowded places, have a balanced diet, exercise, and minimize rubbing your eyes, nose and mouth when you are in public places. You should also pay attention to regular work and rest, balanced nutrition, avoid overwork, and maintain your immunity. It is best to wear a mask when you go to a medical institution for medical treatment.

"In addition, the most effective means to prevent influenza is to inject influenza vaccine, especially for key populations. Annual influenza vaccination can significantly reduce the risk of influenza and serious complications." Huang Li said.

It is recommended to vaccinate against influenza in time.

According to Li Fuqiang, according to the Technical Guide for Vaccination of Influenza Vaccine in China (2023-2024) recently issued by the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, annual vaccination with influenza vaccine is an effective means to prevent influenza, which can effectively reduce the risk of influenza and serious complications among the vaccinators. Suggest ≥ People who are 6 months old and have no vaccination contraindications should be vaccinated against influenza, especially the following key groups are recommended to give priority to vaccination:

1 medical personnel, including clinical rescue personnel, public health personnel, health and quarantine personnel, etc.;

2. Participants and security personnel in large-scale activities;

3. Vulnerable people and employees in old-age care institutions, long-term care institutions, welfare homes and other crowd gathering places;

4. People in key places, such as kindergartens, teachers and students in primary and secondary schools, and detainees and staff in prison institutions;

Family members and caregivers of infants under 5.6 months old and pregnant women;

6. Other people at high risk of influenza, including elderly people aged 60 and above, children aged 6 months to 5 years, and patients with chronic diseases.

Usually, antibodies with protective level can be produced after 2~4 weeks of influenza vaccination, and it is best to complete the vaccination before the peak of influenza epidemic in autumn and winter. In the same influenza epidemic season, people who have completed the whole vaccination according to the vaccination procedures do not need to be vaccinated again.

Li Fuqiang introduced that influenza vaccine is a non-immunization program vaccine, and residents can be informed, voluntary and self-funded. At present, influenza vaccines used in China are mainly divided into two categories: inactivated influenza virus vaccine and live attenuated influenza virus vaccine. The influenza vaccines approved for marketing in China include trivalent inactivated vaccine (IIV3), trivalent inactivated vaccine (LAIV3) and tetravalent inactivated vaccine (IIV4), all of which can effectively prevent influenza virus infection. Residents can choose one influenza vaccine by themselves. At present, there are sufficient reserves of influenza vaccine in vaccination clinics all over the state.

Because influenza virus is easy to mutate, it is necessary to get flu vaccine every year. Like many other vaccines, influenza vaccination does not necessarily mean that you will not get the flu, but it can alleviate the symptoms after getting the flu, significantly reduce the risk of developing into a serious illness, and avoid developing into a serious illness and death.

Experts from the State Center for Disease Control and Prevention reminded that residents who care for their health can get the flu vaccine as soon as possible, especially those who have children, pregnant women, the elderly and other key personnel at home, and should take the initiative to vaccinate the whole family as soon as possible to build a family immune barrier to protect themselves and their families from the flu. You can go to the nearest community health service center (community health service station), the vaccination clinic of township hospitals and the health department of the hospital for vaccination. You can also make an online appointment through WeChat WeChat official account of Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and make an appointment in advance for the vaccination clinic and vaccination time, which is more time-saving and convenient.

How do students and parents take precautions?

The flu is coming, how can students and parents prevent it? Huang Li suggested that personal protection is the most important, and ventilation and disinfection should not be forgotten.

Students and parents need to do personal protection, wear masks, wash their hands frequently, pay attention to cough etiquette, try to avoid going to crowded places and avoid close contact with people with respiratory symptoms. If family members have respiratory symptoms, they should rest at home, observe their health, go to work and attend classes without illness, and wear masks when they are in close contact.

Children’s three meals a day need balanced nutrition, appropriately increase high-quality protein such as meat, eggs and milk, and eat more fruits rich in vitamin C. Ensure the length of children’s sleep, and adequate sleep has a positive impact on enhancing physical fitness. Primary school students should sleep 10 hours a day, junior high school students 9 hours and senior high school students 8 hours.

Always ventilate your home and keep the environment clean. Open the window for ventilation 2~3 times a day, with no less than 30 minutes each time. If it is inconvenient to open the window for ventilation, mechanical ventilation can be carried out with the help of an exhaust fan. After patients appear in the family, the surfaces of environmental objects contacted by patients can be disinfected with chlorine-containing disinfectant containing 250 mg/liter of available chlorine, or wiped with disinfectant wipes, and the surfaces of small items can be wiped with 75% alcohol.

Huang Li stressed that in addition, students and parents should be vaccinated as soon as possible. For high-risk groups such as young children who have not been vaccinated with influenza, vaccination as soon as the influenza vaccine is available can play a good preventive and protective role.

How do schools and kindergartens prevent it?

Li Fuqiang suggested that schools and kindergartens should do a good job in health monitoring, strengthen ventilation and disinfection, and build a strong immune defense line during the high-incidence season of influenza.

Schools and kindergartens should strengthen morning and afternoon inspections and full-day observation. Strengthen the registration system of absence due to illness, grasp the reasons of students’ absence, and find and report early. When influenza cases occur, patients should be allowed to rest at home to reduce the spread of the disease.

Schools should take advantage of students’ recess, physical education class, after school and other periods to strengthen classroom ventilation, so as to keep the classroom air circulating and fresh. Every morning, noon and evening, windows should be opened for ventilation, and the ventilation time should not be less than 30 minutes each time. Every day after school, the key places in the classroom should be cleaned and disinfected regularly. Nursery institutions should clean and disinfect students’ toys and other items every day.

Schools should publicize influenza prevention knowledge to teachers and students through radio, LED screens, blackboard newspapers, billboards, leaflets and lectures, do a good job in health education, help teachers and students develop good personal habits such as washing hands frequently, wearing masks and coughing etiquette, and improve their self-prevention ability. In addition, during the epidemic of respiratory infectious diseases such as influenza, schools should try to reduce or avoid large-scale gatherings and other collective activities to reduce the risk of transmission.

Catalogue

　　The first part of the 2019 annual departmental final accounts report

　　I. Summary of final accounts of income and expenditure

　　Second, the income statement

　　Iii. Final Statement of Expenditure

　　IV. Summary of Final Accounts of Financial Appropriation Income and Expenditure

　　V. Final Statement of General Public Budget Financial Allocation Expenditure

　　VI. Final Statement of Basic Expenditure of General Public Budget Financial Allocation

　　Seven, the government fund budget financial allocation income and expenditure statement.

　　Eight, the government fund budget financial allocation of basic expenditure statement

　　Nine, the financial allocation "three public" expenditure statement

　　X. Table of Government Procurement

　　XI. Table of Government Expenditure on Purchasing Services

　　The second part of the 2019 annual departmental accounts

　　Part III Information on Other Important Matters in 2019

　　The fourth part is the performance evaluation of departments in 2019

The first part of the 2019 annual departmental final accounts report

　　See the attachment for the report.

The second part of the 2019 annual departmental accounts

　　I. Basic information of the department

　　(1) Main functions

　　The Beijing Municipal Health and Wellness Commission (hereinafter referred to as the Municipal Health and Wellness Commission) is an integral part of the municipal government responsible for the health and wellness work in this Municipality. Main responsibilities include:

　　1. Responsible for drafting health-related local regulations and government regulations. Plan and coordinate the allocation of health service resources in Beijing as a whole, and formulate and organize the implementation of regional health development plans. Coordinate and promote health information and statistics.

　　2 responsible for organizing and coordinating the reform of medical and health system, studying and formulating the planning, policies, implementation plans and related supporting measures for the reform of medical and health system. Formulate and organize the implementation of policies and measures to promote the diversification of health service providers and ways of providing health services. To study and put forward policy suggestions on medical services and drug prices.

　　3. Responsible for disease prevention and control. Formulate disease prevention and control plans, immunization plans and intervention measures for public health problems that seriously endanger residents’ health, and organize their implementation. Responsible for the construction and management of the city’s health emergency system. Formulate health emergency and emergency medical rescue plans, public health emergency monitoring and risk assessment plans, organize and guide the prevention and control of public health emergencies and medical and health rescue of various public emergencies.

　　4. Organize and coordinate the implementation of national and municipal policies and measures to deal with population aging, and be responsible for organizing and promoting the construction of health service system for the elderly and the combination of medical care and nursing.

　　5 responsible for the implementation of the national drug policy and the national essential drug system in this Municipality, organize the implementation of the national essential drug list, and carry out drug use monitoring, clinical comprehensive evaluation and early warning of drug shortage in this Municipality. Organize food safety risk monitoring and evaluation in this city.

　　6. Be responsible for the supervision and management of public health such as occupational health, radiation health, environmental health, school health, public place health, drinking water health, etc. within the scope of responsibilities of this Municipality, be responsible for the supervision of infectious disease prevention and control in this Municipality, and improve the comprehensive health supervision system.

　　7 responsible for the supervision and management of the medical and health industry in this Municipality. To organize the formulation of norms and standards for medical institutions and their medical treatment, rehabilitation, nursing services and medical technology, medical quality, medical safety and management of blood collection and supply institutions, and supervise their implementation. To organize the formulation of medical and health professional ethics standards and regulations on the practice management of medical personnel. Establish a service evaluation and supervision system for medical treatment, rehabilitation, nursing and public health. To undertake the relevant management work of encouraging social forces to provide medical and health services. Building a harmonious relationship between doctors and patients.

　　8 responsible for the city’s family planning management and service work. Organize the monitoring of the birth population dynamics in this city, and put forward suggestions on releasing the information of population monitoring, early warning and forecasting in this city. Organize the implementation of the city’s family planning policy.

　　9. Responsible for formulating and organizing the implementation of policies and measures for grassroots health, maternal and child health, elderly health and mental health in this Municipality, and guiding the construction of grassroots health, maternal and child health, elderly health and mental health system in this Municipality. We will promote the equalization of basic public health and health services for the elderly, and improve the new mechanism for grass-roots operation and the management system for rural doctors and general practitioners. Organize patriotic health campaigns and health promotion actions. Participate in promoting the innovation and development of health science and technology.

　　10. Be responsible for the health care work of the health care objects of this Municipality and the health care objects of the central units with medical relations in this Municipality. Responsible for the management of medical care for cadres in various departments of the city and district. Participate in the organization and implementation of medical and health security tasks for major events held in this city.

　　11. Manage the Beijing Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, manage the Beijing Association of Aging, and manage the Beijing Hospital Management Center.

　　12. Complete other tasks assigned by the municipal party committee and municipal government.

　　(II) Institutional situation

　　There are 28 departments, namely: Office, Development Planning Department (Capital Medical and Health Coordination Department), Policy and Regulation Department, System Reform Department, Disease Prevention and Control Department (Public Health Management Department), Medical Administration Department (Social Medical Service Department), Patriotic Health Campaign Promotion Department (Health Promotion Department), Grassroots Health Department, Health Emergency Office (Emergency Command Center for Public Health Emergencies), Science and Technology Education Department and Comprehensive Supervision Department. Health Department for Aging, Maternal and Child Health Department, Occupational Health Department, Population Monitoring and Family Development Department, Public Rights Protection Department, International Cooperation Department (Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan Office), Health Care Department (Beijing Municipal Health Commission Office), Poverty Alleviation Cooperation and Support Department, Information Statistics Department, Finance Department (Audit Department), Cadre and Personnel Department (Talent Department), Party Committee (Party-Mass Work Department) and Discipline Inspection Commission (Inspection Office).

　　The 42 budget units are: Beijing Municipal Health and Wellness Commission, Beijing Municipal Health and Wellness Commission Retired Cadre Service Center, Beijing Family Planning Service Guidance Center, Beijing Family Planning Association, Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Rural Water Improvement Leading Office, Beijing patriotic health campaign committee Office, Beijing Health and Wellness Supervision Office, Beijing Diabetes Research Institute, Beijing Health and Wellness Commission Publicity Center, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Beijing Health Vocational College, Beijing Health and Wellness Commission Accounting Service Center, Beijing Health and Wellness Commission Information Center, Beijing Community Health Service Management Center, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Institute of Tuberculosis and Chest Tumor, Beijing Institute of Cardiopulmonary Vascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing Institute of Traumatology, Beijing Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Research Center of Preventive Medicine, Beijing Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Service Center, Beijing Institute of Tropical Medicine, Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Emergency Center, Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing Institute of Tuberculosis Control, Beijing Red Cross Blood Center, Beijing Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Beijing Physical Examination Center, Beijing Municipal Health and Wellness Commission Talent Exchange Service Center, Party School of Beijing Municipal Health and Wellness Commission, Beijing Mental Health Care Institute, Beijing Aging Association, and Beijing Municipal Health and Wellness Commission Administrative Examination and Approval Service Center.

　　(II) Personnel composition

　　The administrative establishment of this department is 344, and the actual number is 342; There are 5,120 employees, and there are 4,027 employees.

　　Second, the overall situation of income and expenditure accounts

　　In 2019, the total revenue and expenditure was 7,971,314,200 yuan, an increase of 1,495,034,100 yuan or 23.08% over the previous year.

　　(a) the income statement

　　In 2019, the total revenue this year was 6,912,643,800 yuan, an increase of 1,014,604,900 yuan over the previous year, with an increase of 17.20%, of which: the revenue from financial allocation was 4,518,216,900 yuan, accounting for 65.36% of the total revenue; Superior subsidy income is 0 million yuan; Business income is 2,100,811,500 yuan, accounting for 30.39% of the total income; Operating income is 4,861,600 yuan, accounting for 0.07% of the total income; The income paid by the affiliated unit is RMB 0,000; Other income was 288,753,800 yuan, accounting for 4.18% of the total income.

　　(2) Description of final accounts of expenditures

　　In 2019, the total expenditure this year was 6,344,633,900 yuan, an increase of 814,396,500 yuan or 14.73% over the previous year, of which: the basic expenditure was 3,754,880,900 yuan, accounting for 59.18% of the total expenditure; The project expenditure is 2,585,535,200 yuan, accounting for 40.75% of the total expenditure; Paid to the superior expenditure of 0 million yuan; Operating expenditure was 4,217,800 yuan, accounting for 0.06% of the total expenditure; Subsidy expenditure for affiliated units is 0,000 yuan.

　　Three, the financial allocation of income and expenditure accounts of the overall situation

　　In 2019, the total revenue and expenditure of financial allocation was 4,804,481,100 yuan, an increase of 544,878,100 yuan or 12.79% over the previous year.

　　Four, the general public budget expenditure accounts.

　　(a) the overall situation of the general public budget expenditure accounts

　　In 2019, the financial allocation expenditure of the general public budget was 3,848,889,600 yuan, which was mainly used in the following aspects (according to major categories): the education expenditure was 478,239,700 yuan, accounting for 12.43% of the financial allocation expenditure this year; The expenditure on science and technology is 1,027,268,400 yuan, accounting for 26.69% of this year’s financial allocation; The expenditure on culture, tourism, sports and media is 1,284,200 yuan, accounting for 0.03% of this year’s financial allocation; Expenditure on social security and employment was 37,315,400 yuan, accounting for 0.97% of this year’s financial allocation expenditure; Health expenditure was 2,304,781,900 yuan, accounting for 59.88% of this year’s financial allocation.

　　(two) the specific situation of the final accounts of the general public budget.

　　1. The final account of "education expenditure" in 2019 was 478,239,700 yuan, a decrease of 278,124,000 yuan or 36.77% compared with the budget at the beginning of 2019.

　　Among them:

　　The final account of "General Education" in 2019 was 130,631,500 yuan, a decrease of 283,093,800 yuan or 68.43% compared with the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason: the construction project of the new campus of Health Vocational College is a continuous project, which was not completed in the current year and was carried forward to the next year for further implementation.

　　The final account of "Vocational Education" in 2019 was 250,022,700 yuan, an increase of 14,741,100 yuan or 6.27% compared with the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason: The main reason: according to the development of the work, increase the special funds for the construction of characteristic majors.

　　The final account of "Further Education and Training" in 2019 was 97,585,500 yuan, a decrease of 9,771,300 yuan or 9.10% compared with the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reasons are: implementing the work requirements of the municipal party Committee and municipal government, and reducing general expenditures such as training.

　　2. The final account of "science and technology expenditure" in 2019 was 1,027,268,400 yuan, an increase of 23,297,600 yuan or 2.32% compared with the budget at the beginning of 2019.

　　Among them:

　　The final account of "Applied Research" in 2019 was 850,354,100 yuan, an increase of 27,113,300 yuan or 3.29% compared with the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason: during the budget implementation, the funds for the pilot project of public welfare development and reform in Beijing municipal medical research institutes were increased.

　　The final account of "Science and Technology Conditions and Services" in 2019 was 3,251,800 yuan, a decrease of 1,327,400 yuan or 28.99% compared with the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason: the project was not spent in the current year, and it was carried forward to the next year for continued use.

　　The final account of "other scientific and technological expenditures" in 2019 was 173,662,500 yuan, a decrease of 2,488,300 yuan or 1.41% compared with the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason: according to the relevant regulations of scientific research project management, funds can be used across years, and some scientific research projects are not spent in the current year according to the project progress, and are carried forward to the next year to continue implementation.

　　3. The final account of "cultural tourism, sports and media expenditure" in 2019 was 1,284,200 yuan, a decrease of 13,200 yuan or 1.02% compared with the budget at the beginning of 2019. Among them:

　　The final accounts of "cultural relics" in 2019 were 1,284,200 yuan, a decrease of 13,200 yuan or 1.02% compared with the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason: the net balance generated after the completion of the cultural relics repair project of the Party School of the Municipal Health and Wellness Committee.

　　4. The final account of "Social Security and Employment Expenditure" in 2019 was 37,315,400 yuan, a decrease of 134,000 yuan or 0.36% compared with the budget at the beginning of 2019. Among them:

　　The final account of "Retirement of administrative institutions" in 2019 was 37,315,400 yuan, a decrease of 134,000 yuan or 0.36% compared with the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason: some retired workers died in the middle of the year, resulting in a certain balance of retirement funds.

　　5. The final account of "health expenditure" in 2019 was 2,304,781,900 yuan, an increase of 149,832,100 yuan or 6.95% compared with the budget at the beginning of 2019.

　　Among them:

　　The final account of "Health Management Affairs" in 2019 was 415,602,300 yuan, a decrease of 28,432,900 yuan or 6.40% compared with the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason: according to the work requirements of the municipal party Committee and municipal government, the general expenses such as office expenses of organs and subordinate units under this subject were reduced.

　　The final accounts of "public hospitals" in 2019 were 389,172,000 yuan, an increase of 136,872,500 yuan or 54.25% over the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reasons are: in the middle of the year, the central government subsidized the capacity building of local medical and health institutions, the central government subsidized the construction of regional medical centers and the relocation of Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention.

　　The final account of "Public Health" in 2019 was 1,391,937,900 yuan, an increase of 42,373,800 yuan or 3.14% over the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reasons are: in the middle of the year, the prevention and control capacity building project of emergency center was added, the pre-hospital emergency service project of 999 was purchased, and the vehicle-mounted system of 120 system of Beijing Emergency Center was purchased.

　　The final account of "Family Planning Affairs" in 2019 was 74,509,100 yuan, an increase of 132,100 yuan or 0.18% over the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason: according to the actual work in the middle of the year, the difference between the funds of the warm heart plan was added.

　　The final account of "Health Affairs for the Aged" in 2019 was RMB30,284,200, an increase of RMB81,000 or 0.27% over the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason: basic funds such as social security contributions for new employees were added in the middle of the year.

　　The final account of "other health expenditure" in 2019 was 3.2764 million yuan, a decrease of 1.1944 million yuan or 26.72% compared with the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason: according to the work requirements of the municipal party Committee and municipal government, the general expenses such as office expenses of organs and subordinate units under this subject were reduced.

　　Five, the government fund budget expenditure accounts.

　　There is no such expenditure this year.

　　Six, the financial allocation of basic expenditure accounts.

　　In 2019, the department allocated 1,597,592,600 yuan in general public budget and 0,000 yuan in government funds, including: (1) salary and welfare expenses including basic salary, allowances, bonuses, food subsidies, performance pay, other social security contributions and other salaries and benefits; (2) Expenditure on goods and services includes office expenses, printing fees, consulting fees, handling fees, water fees, electricity fees, post and telecommunications fees, heating fees, property management fees, travel expenses, expenses for going abroad (abroad) on business, maintenance (protection) fees, rental fees, conference fees, training fees, official reception fees, special materials fees, labor fees, entrusted business fees, trade union funds, and so on. (3) Subsidies for individuals and families include retirement expenses, retirement expenses, pensions, living allowances, relief expenses, medical expenses subsidies, grants, bonuses and other subsidies for individuals and families. (4) Other capital expenditures include the purchase of office equipment and special equipment.

Part III Information on Other Important Matters in 2019

　　First, the "three public funds" financial allocation final accounts

　　The "three public" funds include two administrative units, two institutions that refer to the civil service law and 20 institutions. In 2019, the final accounts of the "three public" funds were 4,553,600 yuan, a decrease of 1,739,800 yuan compared with the budget of 6,293,300 yuan at the beginning of 2019. Among them:

　　1. Expenses for going abroad on business. The final accounts in 2019 were 2,350,500 yuan, a decrease of 153,400 yuan compared with the budget of 2,503,900 yuan at the beginning of 2019. The main reasons are: compressing and integrating overseas delegations and training days, improving the efficiency of visiting and reducing the funds for going abroad; In 2019, the expenses for going abroad on business were mainly used for the grass-roots health delegation of Beijing Municipal Health and Wellness Commission, the key exchange project of the Exchange Bureau of the Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council, the group of Beijing Municipal Health and Wellness Commission going to Guinea, and the group of Beijing Municipal Health and Wellness Commission going to Israel. In 2019, 32 and 74 people went abroad on business, and the per capita expenses for going abroad on business were 31,800 yuan.

　　2. Official reception fee. The final accounts in 2019 were 47,200 yuan, a decrease of 198,900 yuan compared with the budget of 246,100 yuan at the beginning of 2019. The main reasons: strictly control the expenditure of the three public funds and reduce the reception scale and expenditure. In 2019, the official reception fee was mainly used for official reception work such as Shaanxi Provincial Government’s investigation in Beijing, Shanghai Health and Health Commission and Medical Insurance Bureau’s investigation in Beijing. There were 88 official receptions and 960 official receptions.

　　3 official car purchase and operation and maintenance fees. The final accounts in 2019 were 2,155,900 yuan, a decrease of 1,387,400 yuan compared with the budget of 3,543,300 yuan at the beginning of 2019. Among them, the final account of the official car purchase fee in 2019 was 157,800 yuan, a decrease of 180,000 yuan compared with the budget of 337,800 yuan at the beginning of 2019. The main reasons are: practicing economy and reducing the funds of the three public funds. In 2019, one car was purchased, and the average purchase cost of the car was 157,800 yuan. The final account of the official vehicle operation and maintenance fee in 2019 was 1,998,100 yuan, a decrease of 1,207,400 yuan compared with the budget of 3,205,500 yuan at the beginning of 2019. The main reasons are: strict control of the three public funds and reduced expenditures. In 2019, the official vehicle operation and maintenance fee included 457,300 yuan for refueling, 641,900 yuan for maintenance, 420,000 yuan for insurance and 478,900 yuan for other expenses. In 2019, the number of official vehicles was 134, and the average vehicle operation and maintenance cost was 14,900 yuan.

　　II. Expenditures for the operation of organs

　　In 2019, the daily public expenditure of the basic expenditure arranged by the administrative units of this department (including the administrative institutions with reference to the Civil Service Law) using the financial allocation from the general public budget totaled 14,673,600 yuan, an increase of 3,216,200 yuan over the previous year. The reason for the increase is that according to the institutional reform plan of the municipal government, the Beijing Association for the Aged newly transferred to our Committee is a participating unit, with one administrative unit added and the daily public expenditure increased.

　　Iii. Government procurement expenditure

　　In 2019, the total government procurement expenditure of this department was 619,503,300 yuan, including 314,216,900 yuan for goods, 13,837,400 yuan for projects and 291,449,100 yuan for services. The contract amount awarded to small and medium-sized enterprises was 377,436,000 yuan, accounting for 60.93% of the total government procurement expenditure, of which the contract amount awarded to small and micro enterprises was 101,471,600 yuan, accounting for 16.38% of the total government procurement expenditure.

　　IV. Occupation of State-owned Assets

　　In 2019, there were 491 vehicles in this department, with 286,947,100 yuan; There are 206 sets of general equipment with a unit value of more than 500,000 yuan and 502 sets of special equipment with a unit value of more than 1 million yuan.

　　Five, the state-owned capital operating budget financial allocation revenue and expenditure

　　There is no such expenditure this year.

　　VI. Explanation of government expenditure on purchasing services

　　In 2019, the final account of government procurement services of this department was 116,893,800 yuan.

　　VII. Interpretation of technical terms

　　1. "Three Public Funds": refers to the expenses for going abroad (abroad), purchasing and operating official vehicles and official reception arranged by the unit through financial allocation. Among them, the expenses for going abroad on business refer to the international travel expenses, inter-city transportation expenses, accommodation expenses, meals, training fees, public and miscellaneous expenses, etc. The official vehicle purchase and operation expenses refer to the official vehicle purchase expenses (including vehicle purchase tax and license fee) and the official vehicle fuel expenses, maintenance fees, crossing fees, insurance fees, safety incentive fees and other expenses retained by the unit according to regulations; Official reception fee refers to all kinds of official reception (including foreign guests reception) expenses incurred by the unit according to regulations.

　　2. Operating expenses of organs: refers to the daily public expenditure among the basic expenditures arranged by the administrative units (including the administrative institutions with reference to the Civil Service Law) using the general public budget, including office and printing expenses, post and telecommunications expenses, travel expenses, conference expenses, welfare expenses, daily maintenance expenses, special materials and general equipment purchase expenses, office space utilities, office space heating expenses, office space property management expenses, official vehicle operation and maintenance expenses and other expenses.

　　3. Government procurement: refers to the behavior of state organs, institutions and organizations at all levels using financial funds to purchase goods, projects and services within the centralized catalogue formulated according to law or above the procurement limit standard.

　　4. Government procurement of services: refers to the behavior of state organs at all levels to entrust qualified service providers with services that fall within their own responsibilities and are suitable for market-oriented services in accordance with government procurement methods and procedures, and pay them fees according to factors such as service quantity and quality.

　　5. National immunization program refers to the planned vaccination among the population according to the vaccine varieties, immunization procedures or vaccination programs determined by the state or provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, so as to prevent and control the occurrence and prevalence of specific infectious diseases.

The fourth part is the performance evaluation of departments in 2019

　　First, the performance evaluation work

　　In 2020, the Beijing Municipal Commission of Health and Wellness conducted a performance evaluation of departmental project expenditures in 2019, with 99 evaluation projects, accounting for 20.08% of the total departmental projects, involving an amount of 2.048 billion yuan. Among them, there are 93 summary procedure evaluation projects, involving an amount of 1.598 billion yuan; There are 6 ordinary program evaluation projects involving an amount of 450 million yuan. The performance evaluation of voluntary blood donation publicity funds in the general procedure evaluation project is as follows:

　　Two, blood donation publicity fund project performance evaluation report

　　(A) the evaluation object profile

　　Publicity of voluntary blood donation is the key and prerequisite for doing a good job of voluntary blood donation. In order to ensure sufficient and safe blood use for clinical treatment in the capital, according to the relevant provisions of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Blood Donation Law, the Beijing Blood Donation Management Measures and the Blood Station Management Measures, since 2006, the municipal finance has allocated special funds for the publicity of blood donation without compensation. In order to ensure the clinical medical safety and adequate blood use in the capital in 2019, especially to ensure the safe, sufficient and timely supply of blood in high temperature, cold seasonal ischemia and emergencies, the knowledge and relevant laws and regulations of blood donation were popularized through various forms of blood donation publicity and mobilization activities throughout the city, so as to improve the awareness and participation of different groups of the public in this city in blood donation, and mobilize all sectors of society to actively participate in blood donation work.

　　(II) Evaluation conclusion

　　According to the implementation of the project, the performance evaluation working group, after comprehensive evaluation by experts, scored a comprehensive score of 88.10 for the performance evaluation of the project of blood donation publicity funds, and the conclusion of the comprehensive performance evaluation of the project was "good".

　　(3) Existing problems

　　First, the project innovation mechanism is insufficient. The project has been implemented for many years since it was established in 2006. However, the publicity methods and means are not innovative enough, and further demonstration and analysis are needed on the publicity forms, planning objectives and realization paths.

　　Second, the completeness and effectiveness of the project implementation plan are insufficient and need to be further refined. In the project implementation plan, the project organization structure, personnel arrangement and project organization mode are not elaborated, so the completeness and effectiveness are insufficient.

　　Third, the project performance target setting can be further improved. Some indicators are not detailed, quantitative and measurable; The benefit indicators are qualitative descriptions, lacking quantitative measurable content, so the quantitative description of benefit indicators should be further increased. In addition, the quantitative indicator value of awareness rate is not set for benefit indicators.

　　(4) Suggestions

　　First, it is suggested to improve the propaganda method and improve the project innovation mechanism. It is suggested to innovate the project management mechanism and organization and implementation mode according to the requirements of the development of the situation, hire a third party to compare and analyze the publicity effects obtained by different media publicity methods, and take various forms and means to carry out publicity activities according to the publicity objects, publicity contents and publicity forms in combination with the present situation and problems of blood donation sources in Beijing, so as to further improve the publicity methods and enhance the publicity effect. It is suggested that the publicity effect should be effectively corresponding to the response rate of blood donors. On the basis of blood donation publicity and investigation in Beijing, scientific, effective and feasible publicity and implementation plans should be formulated, investment in publicity and creativity should be strengthened, and the role of new media should be utilized and brought into play to improve the number of people who donate blood without compensation and the blood donation rate in Beijing.

　　Second, it is suggested to improve the project implementation plan. It is suggested that the project unit should improve the project implementation plan. The project management implementation plan should at least include the necessity, feasibility, performance objectives, financial support, personnel arrangement, time schedule, project organizational structure, personnel allocation, etc. It is suggested that the project unit formulate sub-projects for each work to strengthen the guidance and binding nature of the project implementation plan.

　　Third, it is suggested to strengthen performance target management. It is suggested that the performance management of the project should be strengthened, and the performance objectives of the project should be formulated reasonably. The indicators of the performance objectives should match the contents of the annual project to improve the scientific rationality of the performance indicators.

　　Third, the project expenditure performance self-evaluation form

Huasheng Online March 15 (Reporter Yu Qian) What should I do if there is something wrong with my home appliances? Searching online for brand customer service telephone repair has become the first choice of many consumers. However, seemingly regular 400 telephones are not necessarily official after-sales hotlines, and there are many hidden dangers in on-site maintenance. Recently, a survey conducted by reporters in the columns of "Xiangwen Complaints Through Train" and "Consumer Complaints" found that the threshold for handling "400" calls was low, and the online search shanzhai hotline was given priority recommendation by search engines.

Search the brand "400" phone online.Encounter a "cottage"repair

At the beginning of March, Ms. Liao, a citizen of Changsha, found that the boiling water temperature of Baxi brand wall-hung boiler, which had been used at home for more than ten years, couldn’t get up, so she asked her husband to search the after-sales maintenance hotline of Baxi wall-hung boiler through the Internet and got a number of 4009918883. After dialing, the other party claimed to be the customer service of the manufacturer, so she could leave her address and arrange a maintenance master to come to the door.

A maintenance master who claimed to be sent by the manufacturer came to the door as scheduled. After a simple inspection, the maintenance master said that the controller was broken and needed to be replaced. The motherboard had some problems and needed to be repaired, which cost a total of 1,600 yuan. After some bargaining, the master finally agreed to charge 1000 yuan.

"The master fixed it quickly. After collecting money and adding WeChat, he left without leaving any documents, which was very casual." Ms. Liao recalled that the more she thought about it, the more wrong she was, and she found the official after-sales hotline 4006688700 from the official website of Baxi brand again. When she asked, she learned that she had encountered cottage maintenance, and the official maintenance quotation was actually half cheaper.

Ms. Liao spits out, "We just believe in online search too much. By default, as long as the phone starts with 400, it is formal."

Inconsistent official identification before and after customer service is false after-sales

On March 14th, according to the telephone provided by Ms. Liao, the reporter contacted the maintenance master and asked if it was "after-sales service of Baxi manufacturer". The master said that he was "from Baxi maintenance center".

As a consumer, the reporter dialed the telephone number 4009918883 that Ms. Liao’s husband called for repair at that time. Without telling the brand of home appliances, the wiring customer service claimed to be "a paid maintenance line, and any brand can be repaired, and orders can be received nationwide". After simply asking about the brand of home appliances, the fault situation and the location, the customer service also called itself the "eight-up special hotline" and told the reporter that there would be a master contact later, and the door-to-door fee would be 40 yuan, and the maintenance and replacement of accessories would be counted separately.

Subsequently, the reporter contacted Manager Pang, the after-sales person in charge in Hunan Province, through the after-sales service hotline 4006688700 displayed on Baxi official website. After listening to the reporter’s description, Manager Pang said that the reporter should have encountered a fake after-sales service of Baxi. "The official after-sales hotline is only 4006688700. After the customer reports for repair, he will receive a feedback message, and then the master with authorized service qualification will come to the door. The specific maintenance fee is charged according to the after-sales manual provided by the manufacturer, and formal documents will be issued after the repair."

"I have received many customers’ reports that the level of after-sales personnel in the cottage is uneven, and sometimes it is still minor and overhauled, but we can’t stop it." Manager Pang said helplessly.

The cottage is recommended first after sale.400 telephoneLow threshold for handling

When the reporter searched for the keyword "brand+after-sales" through the mobile phone, he found that many cottage maintenance information ranked in front of the official after-sales information, and was also marked with "national unified customer service hotline" and "headquarters maintenance". Many consumers said that it was difficult to identify if they did not browse carefully.

Why is the false after-sales hotline recommended first? An advertising agent of a search engine told reporters that the display order may be related to advertising bidding ranking and keyword matching, and the information with high price and high fit will be given priority.

Handling the "400" hotline is also very simple. The reporter’s investigation found that on a shopping platform, as long as you provide the business license, legal person ID card and official seal, you can do it with money. The minimum package is one year in 260 yuan, and the annual fee can be fully deducted. 114 can’t find the real information of the company.

Hunan Consumer Protection Committee reminds: Don’t trust the so-called "official maintenance" of online search.

Some insiders said that in recent years, some home appliance enterprises have paid more attention to marketing than after-sales. With the increase of operating costs, the number of regular home appliance repair stores has been decreasing, which has made some cottage repairs have living space, taking advantage of the characteristics of large market demand, low operating threshold, asymmetric information and high difficulty in illegal accountability, and fooling consumers into paying the bill.

In order to prevent consumers from encountering the trap of "cottage" home appliance maintenance, Hunan Consumer Protection Committee reminds consumers that when choosing maintenance services, whether within the warranty period or not, they should first choose the official after-sales service outlets of the purchased brands, and don’t trust the so-called "official maintenance" searched by the Internet; When applying for repair, we should try our best to explain the fault situation so that the door-to-door personnel can take the spare parts and dispose of them in time; After confirming the identity of maintenance personnel, it is necessary to know in detail the charging standards of maintenance projects and whether formal invoices can be issued. If necessary, you can seek technical support from official customer service and understand the official price charging standards; Consumers should collect relevant evidence for the behavior of raising the price or adding maintenance items in the middle of maintenance service, which can be reflected to the official website of the brand, or through relevant government departments and consumer associations to defend their rights.

Net exposure LAY holding hands

Netizen broke the news screenshot

Fans posted the original picture.

　 　 Today (September 5th), some netizens broke the news that LAY, a popular "little fresh meat", was in love with Diamond, the winner of the third season of The Voice of China, which triggered a hot discussion on the Internet. Subsequently, the reporter called the brokers of both sides of the incident, and both sides gave a denial reply. LAY’s agent responded: "(They) are really not in love", while Diamond laughed and said: "Where is this?" But then, some fans came forward to blame the idol, pointing out that the woman posted by the reporter was not Diamond, and uploaded the original picture to jokingly refute: "Is this our mother-in-law?"

??

　 　 A netizen named "Star Eight Gong" uploaded a group of photos suspected of LAY’s shopping in Weibo, and wrote: "LAY’s love affair was exposed. Some netizens witnessed LAY shopping with a mysterious woman, and it was very sweet to hug her waist and hold hands. It was verified that the woman was Diamond, the champion of "Good Voice of China" in the last season. " Suddenly triggered a hot discussion on the Internet, and netizens shouted unbelievable.

　 　 In this group of pictures, a man suspected of LAY is traveling in casual clothes, talking and laughing with a woman, and holding hands in public without any cover. However, because the photos were not clearly taken, the authenticity of the news was in doubt.

　　　

　 　 LAY, as the only mainland member of EXO, is very popular on the other side. Earlier, he was exposed to a secret love affair with Diamond, the champion of Good Voice 3. The whistleblower uploaded several photos of LAY holding hands and shopping with women, but most of them covered up the woman’s appearance, and then fans restored the original photos, pointing to the whistleblower as "malicious rumor". At present, Weibo, who broke the news, has been deleted, and fans have also shouted for LAY’s confidence, asking idols to concentrate on their work and not be influenced by rumors.

　 　　

　 　 In this regard, the reporter immediately called LAY and Diamond’s agents, and both sides immediately denied it. LAY said it needed to respond to this rumor, and repeatedly stressed that the two were "really, really not in love". LAY’s agent added: "They are not friends. Diamond was a fan of LAY before, but they didn’t know each other."

　 　 After hearing the news, MISS ZHOU, the agent of Diamond, said with a smile: "Where is this?" And told reporters that there are many Korean artists. "Who said that if Korea comes back, it will have to be in love?"

　 　 Are the two friends? MISS ZHOU said that it was not long before he took over Diamond, and it was not clear.

The company’s 2023 annual report recently disclosed by Kexing Pharmaceutical shows that the company achieved an operating income of 1.259 billion yuan, down 4.32% year-on-year, a net profit loss attributable to listed shareholders of 190 million yuan, and a non-net profit loss attributable to shareholders of listed companies of 201 million yuan.

The loss in 2023 is also the second year since 2022 that Kexing Pharmaceutical has fallen into a loss, and the amount of loss has intensified. The annual report disclosed by Kexing Pharmaceutical also shows that the company invested 345 million yuan in research and development in 2023, setting a new high since its listing. However, although R&D investment continued to increase, Kexing Pharmaceutical not only failed to turn losses, but further increased its losses. The turnover rate of scientific research personnel in Kexing Pharmaceutical is around 21.63%, and in 2023, the company lost half of its doctors.

Addition and subtraction of doctor introduction and loss

The data shows that in 2023, the company introduced 17 new doctors, and the number of doctors in 2022 was 25. However, the number of doctors disclosed in the company’s 2023 annual report was only 20. In other words, although 17 doctors were introduced, 22 doctors left the company in 2023, which means that 17 postdoctoral doctors were introduced and half of them left Kexing Pharmaceutical in 2023.

How does Kexing Pharmaceutical, which relies on high-end talents for drug research and development, maintain innovation in research and development? What are the hidden dangers behind the abnormally high turnover rate of high-end talents?

Except for doctors, the overall number of R&D personnel of Kexing Pharmaceutical is in a state of substantial loss. The data shows that in 2022, the number of graduate students in the company was 87, and in 2023, the number of graduate students has been reduced to 79; In 2022, the number of R&D personnel with bachelor’s degree was 72, and in 2023, the number of R&D personnel with bachelor’s degree was only 53; In 2022, the number of R&D personnel with junior college or below was 24, and in 2023, it has dropped sharply to 11.

In 2022, there were 208 R&D personnel in the company, and in 2023, the number of R&D personnel in the company has been reduced to 163, a year-on-year decrease of 21.63%. In 2020 and 2021, the number of R&D personnel in the company was 170 and 194 respectively. In 2023, the number of R&D personnel of the company also hit a new low since listing.

R&D investment has reached a new high, but R&D personnel have been greatly lost and net profit has been greatly lost. For example, Kexing Pharmaceutical has fallen into a strange circle of more R&D investment and more losses this year.

The R&D investment of listed companies in the same industry disclosed in the company’s research report shows that the R&D investment of Tebao Bio, Sihuan Bio, Sanyuan Gene, Wan Ze Co., Ltd. and Cain Technology accounted for 13.33%, 14.42%, 20.65%, 16.68% and 12.22% of the operating income respectively, while the R&D investment of Kexing Pharmaceutical accounted for 27.4% of the operating income in 2023.

Overseas commercialization is not effective only by shouting.

The annual report disclosed this time also exposed the embarrassing reality of the company’s overseas commercialization strategy.

The annual report shows that the company’s export revenue in 2023 was 138 million yuan. Compared with 2022, the company’s export revenue did not rise but fell. In 2022, the company achieved overseas sales revenue of 161 million yuan, an increase of 61% over the same period of last year, setting a record high.

Kexing Pharmaceutical once regarded overseas commercialization as an important strategy, and the company indicated that it would devote itself to building the most valuable overseas commercialization platform in China. However, in three years, the company’s export income still accounts for only about 10% of the company’s operating income.

As early as 2021, Kexing Pharmaceutical introduced albumin paclitaxel, and obtained the technology of albumin paclitaxel and its commercial rights except the American market. However, albumin paclitaxel has only recently passed the GMP certification of the European Union, and if the drug goes on the market, it needs to be approved by the European Union Marketing Permit Application (MAA).

Although the company has introduced a total of 12 products, signed contracts with customers in more than 40 countries and submitted applications for registration of imported products, it still seems that it has not been sold in overseas markets. "infliximab, bevacizumab, albumin paclitaxel and other products have successively completed on-site audits in Egypt, Brazil, Indonesia, the European Union and other countries, and it is expected that overseas sales of the above products will be realized in 2024.

On the evening of May 24th, Kexing Pharmaceutical released the 2024 restricted stock incentive plan (draft). The number of restricted shares to be granted is 3.786 million shares, with a total of 147 people to be encouraged.

The assessment year of this incentive plan is two fiscal years from 2024 to 2025, and it is assessed once in each fiscal year. Taking the company’s overseas sales revenue in 2023 as the performance base, the growth rate of overseas sales revenue in each assessment year or the cumulative number of overseas registration documents was assessed. Based on the overseas sales revenue in 2023, it is planned that the growth rate of overseas sales revenue will be 50%-100% in 2024 and 200%-400% in 2025.

In 2023, the company’s export revenue will decline instead of rising, but in 2025, the overseas sales revenue will increase by two to four times. Although the vision of Kexing Pharmaceutical is beautiful, it still has a long way to go.

Original title: "It is related to Kexing vaccine! Look quickly! 》

Read the original text

　Fan Chunhai is a member of the Central Committee of Jiu San Society, a professor at the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Shanghai Jiaotong University, and a member of the Shanghai Municipal Political Consultative Conference. In 2019, he was co-elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences.

At the age of 26, he received a doctorate in biochemistry and molecular biology from Nanjing University.

At the age of 33, he was supported by the Outstanding Youth Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China.

At the age of 42, his team developed a new method for inducing nano-scale precise mineralization by DNA self-assembly structure, which was published in Nature, and achieved the first breakthrough in the field of DNA nanotechnology by China researchers.

He has been selected as a "highly cited scientist in the world" in the past six years.

At the age of 45, he was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences, the youngest among the Shanghai academicians in 2019.

He is Fan Chunhai, member of the Central Committee of the Jiu San Society, member of the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, and director of the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Jiu San Society.

Fan Chunhai’s office is located in the Translational Medicine Research Center of Shanghai Jiaotong University. Next to the simple and bright office is a uniform laboratory. The experimental platform is filled with all kinds of equipment. The window is bright and clean, with few other colors except black and white. Fan Chunhai, who has just been interviewed by his alma mater, is still immersed in the memories of middle school life. Talking about today’s achievements, he said with emotion: "These 20 years happened to be a period of rapid development in China, and the conditions and level of scientific research have undergone tremendous changes. I am glad to catch up with such a good era and let me make great achievements in scientific research."

Fan Chunhai belongs to the Ministry of Chemistry in the published results of the co-election of academicians of China Academy of Sciences. He once won the Tan Jiazhen Prize for Innovation in Life Sciences, one of the most influential awards in the field of life sciences in China. After returning to China, he chose the Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences as his work unit. Under such a "cross-border", it seems difficult to define his professional field. His explanation for this is: "Subject field and research direction are different concepts, and my research direction has not changed for more than 20 years. I have been engaged in basic research on biosensing since I was a graduate student, just to explore the unknown world and need a broader vision. "

In 1992, Fan Chunhai, who was preparing to take the college entrance examination, applied for the Department of Biochemistry of Nanjing University. "At that time, the choice of biochemistry was blind and I didn’t understand it at all. But I vaguely feel that biochemistry has both biology and chemistry. This name is cool! " Fan Chunhai recalled.

樊春海在南京大学读书时，生物化学系就有浓郁的学科交叉氛围，系里的口号是“学不好化学，就做不好生物化学”。我国生物制药技术研发的开拓者之一，肝素、尿激酶工业的创始人朱德煦时任系主任，中国科学院院士、生命分析化学概念的创导者和生命分析化学国家重点实验室创始人陈洪渊的博士李根喜在生物化学系任教，樊春海在研究生期间得到他们的指导，在生物化学和生命分析化学两条学术传承线的交叉点起步，从事电化学生物传感器的研究，这在当时属于前沿交叉学科。

在前沿学科里不断前进，必须更多地了解国际上的科研动态，“我读书那会儿，经常需要看国外文献，遗憾的是那时看到的文献会滞后至少半年。”樊春海偶然读到《先进材料》（Advanced Materials）杂志对圣塔芭芭拉加州大学（UCSB）艾伦？黑格（Alan J. Heeger）教授（诺贝尔化学奖获得者）的专访文章。文章中黑格表示，自己在获诺贝尔奖后希望做一些以往不敢做的事，比如生物学，特别是生物传感方面的研究。樊春海内心有种一拍即合的快感，随即就向黑格教授申请了博士后，并最终获得认可。

Allen? Haig is a professor in the Department of Physics, but he always advocates interdisciplinary research. Many years later, Professor Haig said modestly in a speech in China: "I knew nothing about biology at that time, even the most basic knowledge such as DNA molecular structure was taught by Chunhai."

"Studying in a Nobel Prize winner’s laboratory, the vision of seeing problems and the way to deal with problems are very different from those in an ordinary laboratory." Fan Chunhai admits that when he was working as a postdoctoral fellow, he realized a deeper connotation about interdisciplinary. Working in Haig’s laboratory, Fan Chunhai had to carry out multiple scientific research projects at the same time, which once overwhelmed him. "You just pick the most important thing to do." This sentence of the tutor made Fan Chunhai enlightened, and he still often guides him to make judgments.

Under the guidance of Professor Haig, Fan Chunhai has made some research progress, and related research work has been published in authoritative magazines such as Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) and Journal of the American Chemical Society (JACS). Among them, an electrochemical DNA biosensor named E-DNA has been developed, which has been widely praised by international peers. American Chemical Society C&E News rated it as one of the important chemical progress in 2003.

The postdoctoral experience has greatly broadened Fan Chunhai’s horizons and strengthened his confidence in interdisciplinary research. At that time, China was in the initial stage of discipline construction and needed a lot of new blood. In January 2004, Fan Chunhai joined sinap with the support of the "Hundred Talents Program" of China Academy of Sciences. Coincidentally, the day when he joined the defense was the day when the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Light Source Project undertaken by the Institute was approved after ten years of hard preparation. This internationally advanced synchrotron radiation light source was completed in only five years. The scientists who participated in the project are not afraid of hardships and hard work, and are praised as "Shanghai Light Source Spirit". In the past five years, under the inspiration of "Shanghai Light Source Spirit", Fan Chunhai built a laboratory from scratch.

In 2008, Fan Chunhai and others established a physical biology laboratory and set up a multidisciplinary research team integrating physics, chemistry and biology. This unique interdisciplinary research atmosphere not only enabled the biosensor research to advance rapidly, but also broadened more frontier research directions. In 2016, the important achievement of the laboratory, "Research on Mechanism, Regulation and Application of Biomolecular Interface", won the second prize of National Natural Science.

In recent years, Fan Chunhai’s team has applied biosensing probes detected in vitro to cells, and is committed to developing frame nucleic acid cell imaging technology. "It doesn’t matter what technology you use, physics or chemistry, or nanotechnology. What matters is that you find some new methods and use some new technologies to observe and decipher the mysteries of life."

"Individual growth cannot be separated from excellent collectives"

Fan Chunhai always appreciates the strength of the collective. Whether it is the study and life in middle schools and universities or the scientific research work, Fan Chunhai believes that the excellent collective has given him the motivation for personal growth.

He recalled that he was never the best student in middle school. "I am a person who knows by learning, not a person who knows by birth." In high school, many of my classmates were excellent. Everyone always discussed problems harmoniously and equally, forming a rich learning atmosphere. Under the professional guidance of teachers, everyone was growing and making progress. In the end, the whole class handed over an excellent answer sheet in the college entrance examination. "

There is such a collective star effect in scientific research, such as the famous Cavendish laboratory, which has trained more than 20 Nobel Prize winners in the past 100 years. "So scientific research has never been alone, and the progress of each group cannot be separated from individual efforts, and the growth of individuals cannot be separated from an excellent group." Fan Chunhai said.

At the beginning of this century, the scientific research conditions in Chinese universities were still relatively difficult, and the information was not as developed as it is now. It was the dream of many analytical chemists in China to be able to publish papers in Analytical Chemistry in the United States. At that time, only Mr. Chen Hongyuan in Nanjing University published papers in this magazine. Fan Chunhai published a paper in Analytical Chemistry as the first author under the guidance of his tutors, and achieved a breakthrough.

Interdisciplinary cooperation is also inseparable from the cooperation between scientists and the whole team. Fan Chunhai, deeply inspired by the "Shanghai Light Source Spirit", hopes to do the same internationally influential research work in Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Mr. Li Mingan and researcher Hu Jun are early explorers in the cross-research of nano-organisms in China. With their guidance and help, Fan Chunhai gradually made it clear that DNA nanotechnology is the starting point to form research characteristics.

DNA nanotechnology is to use the excellent self-assembly and recognition ability of DNA molecules as a nano-material to achieve accurate nano-construction. In 2006, the nano-scale "Map of China" assembled by DNA molecules was successfully created and published in both Chinese and English editions of Science Bulletin, which made an international appearance with China characteristics and became the second published work in the frontier cross field of "DNA origami", which was jointly completed by Fan Chunhai, Hu Jun and Academician He Lin of Shanghai Jiaotong University.

After years of accumulation, Fan Chunhai’s team developed a new method to induce nano-scale precise mineralization by DNA self-assembly structure, which improved the mechanical properties of DNA nano-structure while maintaining its exquisite design, and opened a new door for the construction and analysis of bionic nano-channels. This research achievement was published in the journal Nature, which achieved the first breakthrough in this field by researchers in China.

During the epidemic in COVID-19, due to the lack of Covid-19 RNA reference materials, the performance of nucleic acid detection kits could not be evaluated, and the competitiveness of high-quality domestic kits could not be strongly proved. Faced with this situation, with the deep participation and support of Fan Chunhai’s team, Shanghai Jiaotong University and Shanghai Institute of Metrology and Testing Technology jointly set up a research team and started the research and development project of Covid-19 RNA reference materials. After more than 40 days of repeated trials and improvements, two kinds of "novel coronavirus standard materials for RNA transcription in vitro" were successfully developed. These Covid-19 reference materials, like a "biological standard ruler", can help people to evaluate the indicators of the virus nucleic acid detection kit and help the detection laboratory to confirm the results, thus further reducing the probability of "false negative".

Facing the students from different majors in the team, Fan Chunhai advocates teaching students in accordance with their aptitude and effective guidance. "Students are not managed, but grow up freely under appropriate guidance. My task is to tap students’ interest in scientific research, help them establish correct values and lofty aspirations, and become firm supporters of students."

The road of scientific research has always been bumpy. The life of researchers is more like an ascetic monk to many people, but in their hearts, they are happy because of their love for science. In Fan Chunhai’s view, this happiness is not equal to comfort. He encourages students: "To do scientific research, we should be brave enough to go out of our comfort zone and challenge new things."

"Teamwork and independent thinking are equally important. I hope that every student can choose his own topic under the background of team research, and actively explore various possibilities without relying on authority." Despite his busy work, Fan Chunhai will try his best to take time to communicate with the students face to face, not sitting in danger, but full of relaxation and pleasure.

Fan Chunhai always tries his best to support and encourage students’ decisions and every attempt. Under his training, two students have been supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars, and four postdoctoral students have been selected for the "Super Postdoctoral Program" in Shanghai in 2020.

Communication and cooperation promoted Fan Chunhai’s scientific research work, and also made him know Li Xinxin, chairman of the Shanghai Branch Committee of the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Chinese Academy of Sciences of the Jiu San Society. The warmth of the Jiu San Society and the spirit of patriotism, democracy and science attracted him. In 2014, he joined the Jiu San Society.

After joining the club, Fan Chunhai successively served as deputy director and director of the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Jiu San Society. Although his scientific research work is still busy, he will still find time to engage in popular science work. "Popular science work is actually a kind of inheritance. Whether it is exploring the unknown world or promoting the country’s scientific and technological development, it needs the efforts of generations. However, the concept of scientific research is not exactly the same as that of textbook education in primary and secondary schools. Our popular science work is not a simple strengthening of textbook knowledge, but a broader vision for children. "

In his mind, interests are hierarchical. The interests of primary and secondary school students are often in textbook knowledge and the use of known world knowledge, while real scientific talents need to keep their interest in exploring the unknown world. Spreading the seeds of science in children’s little hearts will not only keep them interested in exploring the unknown world, but also make the city form an atmosphere of obeying and respecting science, which is also the future light of the construction of Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Center.

Looking back on his own growth experience, Fan Chunhai said with emotion: the cultivation of quality is more important, and the knowledge learned by the school is constantly updated, and the quality cultivated by the school will accompany people all their lives, and good quality will push people forward.

Good quality also made Fan Chunhai on his way to school recognized by teachers. "I am very relieved about what I have told him. No matter whether I get satisfactory results or lessons from failure after completion, he will definitely reply to me and have a serious discussion with me." Professor Li Genxi said of his students, "He is patient in learning and can hold his breath. Once his goal is set, he will be firm and forge ahead. His success is no accident."

In the interview, Fan Chunhai rarely talked about specific difficulties, because he believed that difficulties always existed, and problems could be solved as long as he worked hard and was good at learning and observing. In the communication with his students, Fan Chunhai has always conveyed a belief: optimistic and unyielding. "The development of science is not a full stop, but a comma. The success of scientific research depends on whether you have the courage to face failure and the determination to be more frustrated on the road of exploration. I hope that all students can work hard for the scientific dream of mankind."

It has been nearly thirty years since I entered the university and contacted the interdisciplinary subject of biochemistry. Along the way, Fan Chunhai has grown from an ignorant teenager to an internationally renowned scientist: he was selected as a Fellow of American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), American Academy of Medical and Biological Engineering (AIMBE), international society of electrochemistry (ISE) and royal society of chemistry (RSC), and concurrently served as the deputy editor of ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Journal of American Chemical Society. Co-chairman of the editorial board of ChemPlusChem, royal society of chemistry, has been selected as a "global highly cited scientist" continuously since 2014. In 2019, he was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences, and won the ho leung ho lee foundation Science and Technology Innovation Award, the American Chemical Society’s Lecture Award for Progress in Measurement Science and the 12th Tan Jiazhen Life Science Innovation Award, and in 2020, he was awarded the title of "National Advanced Worker".

Faced with many honors, Fan Chunhai said calmly: "It is curiosity, responsibility and initial heart that lead me to climb to the peak on the road of science." In the future, he said that he will continue to keep his initial heart and forge ahead, lead students to "look up at the stars, be down-to-earth, persevere and make contributions for a long time", constantly explore the frontiers of science, and make due efforts to promote the scientific and technological progress of the country and society.

Fan Chunhai’s goal is to promote his basic research work to clinical application and protect human health. After joining the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Fan Chunhai built the laboratory of "Framework Nucleic Acid Design and Nano-medical Diagnosis and Treatment" based on the newly completed national major scientific and technological infrastructure of translational medicine, and devoted himself to transforming and applying the developed new methods of nucleic acid analysis and detection to clinic. In particular, he received the full support of Academician Tan Weihong, Dean of the Institute of Molecular Medicine of Shanghai Jiaotong University, and actively carried out clinical cooperation in Renji Hospital, trying to apply biosensors to the detection of practical clinical samples such as prostate cancer, and exploring the possibility of developing low-cost medical detection.

"The road is long and Xiu Yuan is awkward, and I will search up and down." Fan Chunhai is still moving forward on the road of seeking. In 2019, in order to commemorate the tenth anniversary of the publication, "Nature? The magazine Nature Chemistry specially invited more than 50 internationally renowned scholars to write a monograph on "The Road to Chemistry". As one of them, Fan Chunhai raised a challenging question in the field of chemistry: "An exciting frontier of the discipline is to understand how artificially designed nucleic acid structures are assembled and function in living cells and animals. Creating new tools to control the assembly process of natural and artificial nucleic acid molecules in living cells will probably bring revolutionary changes to the field of nucleic acid chemistry, thus promoting the development of nano-diagnosis and treatment and precision medicine. In the longer term, another promising research direction is to explore and develop DNA or RNA robots with artificial intelligence and work in animals and humans. " (Huang yun)

In the 1970s, the international situation changed rapidly, and a new situation appeared in China’s foreign relations. In 1974, Mao Zedong made a new judgment on the international pattern and put forward a strategic idea of dividing the three worlds.

From a "middle zone" to "two middle zones"

The strategic thought of dividing the three worlds contains profound thinking and long-term exploration of the international pattern, which comes from the theory of "middle zone"

Regarding the division of international pattern, Mao Zedong first put forward a theory of "middle zone". After World War II, the relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union deteriorated, and a full-scale civil war broke out between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. It was impossible for Mao Zedong to put China on the road of new democracy through peaceful and democratic means. At the critical moment of the situation transformation, Mao Zedong put forward the theory of "two camps" and "one middle ground" in the summer of 1946. He believes that the post-war world is divided into a peaceful and democratic camp headed by the socialist Soviet Union and a reactionary camp headed by American imperialist forces; There is a vast middle zone between the United States and the Soviet Union, which is composed of many capitalist countries and colonial and semi-colonial countries in Europe, Asia and Africa. The realistic problem facing the world after the war is that the United States is trying to control and invade countries in the middle zone, including China. This theory makes a unique division of various international political forces, points out China’s position in the world, and clarifies the relationship between friends and enemies of the China Revolution in the world. Since then, when the China Revolution is about to win, this theory naturally leads to the conclusion of "one-sided" to the socialist Soviet Union.

Since then, with the changes in the international situation and surrounding environment, Mao Zedong has put forward the strategy of "two intermediate zones". In the early 1960s, the international movements of countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America against imperialism and colonialism, striving for and safeguarding national independence continued to rise, and the internal contradictions in the capitalist world continued to develop. Judging from China’s foreign relations, Sino-US relations continue to be tense, and Sino-Soviet relations are on the verge of rupture. From the end of 1963 to the beginning of 1964, Mao Zedong put forward the strategy of striving for "two intermediate zones". He divided the "middle zone" into two parts, one part refers to the underdeveloped countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America, and the other part refers to capitalist countries and eastern European countries except the United States. Mao Zedong pointed out that these two parts are opposed to American control, while eastern European countries are opposed to Soviet control. Mao Zedong believes that in the process of confronting the two great powers, China should unite the two middle areas as much as possible. The strategy of "two intermediate zones" has relieved China’s external pressure to some extent. In 1964, China and France broke through the barriers of different ideologies and social systems and formally established diplomatic relations. During this period, China’s relations with African and Arab countries have also developed significantly.

The changes in Sino-US relations have caused a chain reaction.

In the early 1970s, the foundation of tripartite relations between China, the United States and the Soviet Union changed significantly, and the trend towards multipolarity in the world gradually emerged. Mao Zedong began to re-examine the new international situation and China’s foreign relations, and put forward the strategic idea of "three worlds" division.

Since the late 1960s, new changes have taken place in the international pattern. First of all, the balance of power between the United States and the Soviet Union has changed, from the dominance of the United States to a balance of power, and the position of the United States among Western allies has also weakened. Secondly, western Europe and Japan are gradually reviving, and the centrifugal tendency of eastern European countries towards the Soviet Union is also developing. Finally, China has gradually become an independent and important political force on the international stage, and the power and influence of other Asian, African and Latin American countries have also further increased. During this period, China’s foreign relations have undergone major changes. On the one hand, the border conflict between China and the Soviet Union in 1969 and the nuclear threat of the Soviet Union since then made Mao Zedong deeply feel the seriousness of national security issues. On the other hand, China and the United States began to ease their relations out of consideration for their respective national security. In the spring of 1971, "Ping-Pong Diplomacy" kicked off the relaxation of Sino-US relations. In February of the following year, President Nixon visited Beijing, and the process of Sino-American reconciliation started. In October 1971, the 26th United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution to restore China’s lawful seat in the United Nations, and then the climax of the establishment of diplomatic relations between countries and China appeared. With the relaxation of Sino-US relations, the Soviet Union has become the biggest and most direct threat to China. In 1973, Mao Zedong put forward the strategic idea of "one line" and "one large area", hoping to establish a United front from Japan through Europe to the United States.

With the rapid development of international situation and China’s foreign relations, Mao Zedong put forward the strategic idea of dividing three worlds. In February 1974, when talking with Zambian President kaunda, Mao Zedong first put forward the strategic idea of dividing the three worlds. He pointed out: "I think the United States and the Soviet Union are the first world. The centrists, Japan, Europe, Australia and Canada, are the second world. We are the third world. " He also said: "The third world has a large population. Asia is a third world except Japan. All of Africa is the third world, and Latin America is also the third world. " According to the division of Mao Zedong, China belongs to the third world, so it is necessary to strengthen unity with third world countries and strive for unity with second world countries; Among the two superpowers in the first world, they mainly develop relations with the United States and concentrate on opposing the hegemonism of the Soviet Union.

On April 6, 1974, at the proposal of Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping led a delegation from China to attend the sixth special session of the United Nations General Assembly. This is the first time that a People’s Republic of China (PRC) leader has attended a United Nations meeting, which has attracted worldwide attention. On April 10th, in his speech at the conference, Deng Xiaoping comprehensively expounded Mao Zedong’s strategic thought on dividing the three worlds and China’s foreign policy. He emphasized that China is a socialist country and a developing country, and China belongs to the third world. The government of China and the people of China firmly support all the oppressed people and nations in their struggle for and maintenance of national independence, development of national economy and opposition to colonialism, imperialism and hegemonism. China is not and will never be a superpower. This has actually repositioned China’s international role and further clarified China’s corresponding international responsibilities.

Compared with the "two intermediate zones" strategy in the 1960s, the most obvious difference in the strategic thinking of the three worlds is to treat the Soviet Union at the same level as the United States. This change is based on the changes in the relations between China, the United States and the Soviet Union, uniting with the party that poses less threat to China and concentrating on preventing the main threat from China. In terms of ideological methods, the criteria for dividing the three worlds are no longer based on the nature of class and society, but mainly on comprehensive national strength. It enables people to clearly see the position of countries in the world in international political and economic relations.

Expanded the stage of China’s diplomatic activities.

The strategic thought of dividing the three worlds is the result of Mao Zedong’s long-term deliberation, which has great significance and far-reaching influence on China’s foreign strategy and foreign relations.

The strategic thought of dividing the three worlds is based on Mao Zedong’s scientific judgment on the international situation and accurate understanding of the international pattern. It is saturated with Mao Zedong’s long-term political experience in international struggle and is the development of Mao Zedong’s United front theory under the new situation. The strategic thought of dividing the three worlds reveals the main characteristics of the development of the world situation at that time and the basic pattern of the strength comparison among countries in the world, and determines China’s international status and strategic goals from the historical, realistic and strategic significance. This thought has long been the theoretical basis and main basis of China’s foreign strategy, and its role and influence continued until the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the disappearance of bipolar confrontation and the overall change of the original international pattern.

Under the guidance of Mao Zedong’s strategic thought of dividing three worlds, China’s diplomatic work has made a comprehensive breakthrough. China broke through the pattern of "two camps", implemented the policy of "one line" and "one large area", persisted in opposing the hegemonism and the threat of war of superpowers, worked hard to normalize Sino-US relations, actively improved relations with second world countries, and vigorously developed friendly cooperation with third world countries and other types of countries. From 1970 to 1976, China successively established diplomatic relations with 61 countries, and more than 110 countries established diplomatic relations with China, including most countries in the world at that time. This completely broke the diplomatic deadlock caused by China’s isolation and containment for a long time, greatly improved the international environment in China, and greatly expanded the scope of China’s diplomatic activities. At the same time, it also ensures that China can smoothly implement reform and opening up and participate in international affairs more extensively in the near future.

Author: Sun Yanling

Source: study times.

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In order to thoroughly study, publicize and implement General Secretary Supreme Leader’s important thoughts on cyber power, implement the important instructions of General Secretary Supreme Leader on cyber security and informatization and the spirit of the national conference on cyber security and informatization, and consolidate and deepen the achievements of thematic education, on September 14th, the Central Network Information Office held a seminar on studying, publicizing and implementing General Secretary Supreme Leader’s important thoughts and theories on cyber power. Taking "An Introduction to the Important Thoughts of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on the Network Power" as an authoritative reading, we will exchange learning experiences, deepen theoretical discussions, promote the implementation of learning and publicity, and provide spiritual motivation and theoretical support for promoting the construction of a network power and creating a new situation of high-quality development of the network information industry.

Internet is an important achievement of the development of human civilization, and the rule of law is the basic way of Internet governance. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has attached great importance to the work of network rule by law, emphasizing the need to adhere to the rule of law, run the network according to law, and surf the Internet according to law, so that the Internet can operate healthily on the track of rule by law. In March, 2023, the State Council Press Office issued a white paper entitled "China’s Network Rule of Law Construction in the New Era". In July 2023, the book "An Introduction to the Important Thoughts of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on Network Power" organized by the Office of the Central Cyber Security and Informatization Committee was distributed nationwide. It can be seen that it is of great significance for us to promote the construction of a network power by governing the network according to law and making the network run orderly and healthily on the track of rule of law.

Deeply understand the important connotation and significance of the important thought of the Supreme Leader General Secretary about the network power.

The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader put forward a series of strategic, forward-looking and creative views on how to build a network power, and profoundly expounded the basic issues such as the goal, vision, overall layout and development direction of developing the Internet in the new era, including the concept of governing the Internet according to law, the concept of network sovereignty and the concept of network governance.

The concept of governing the internet according to law emphasizes that cyberspace, like the real society, should strengthen the legislation in the field of the internet and improve the laws and regulations on the management of the network society. "Cyberspace is the same as the real society", and it is necessary to advocate freedom and maintain order. To govern the Internet according to law, it is necessary to guide online public opinion with socialist core values, to strengthen content supervision, to create a good network ecology, and to condense the lasting power of building Socialism with Chinese characteristics.

The concept of cyber sovereignty is becoming more and more important under the background of great power game in the new era, especially under the current situation that western powers regard cyberspace as an ideological breakthrough. Ideology has become one of the important factors of national political security. With the development of technology, the Internet platform will inevitably become an important place for ideological and public opinion confrontation among countries. How to master the dominance of network ideology and win the battle of network ideology is a particularly noteworthy issue in recent years. National sovereignty is inviolable, and network sovereignty is the realistic requirement of national network governance model, so we should earnestly respect the network sovereignty of all countries and safeguard national security.

The concept of network governance is an important content and means to realize the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity. Based on the experience and development of domestic social governance, the concept of network governance promotes the reform of the global Internet governance system, caters to the wisdom of China and the experience of China that China has contributed to the network governance of all countries in the world, and takes respect as the premise and win-win as the goal.

The important thought of the Supreme Leader’s General Secretary about the network power is the latest achievement of Marxism in China, the successful combination of Marx’s basic principles and Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s construction, and an important part of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era. The important thought of the Supreme Leader General Secretary about the network power applies the development and standardization of cyberspace to the governance framework of our country reasonably. At the same time, in the process of improving the governance of domestic cyberspace, the important thought of the Supreme Leader General Secretary about the network power tries to apply China wisdom to the cooperation and governance of the world cyberspace, which provides a Chinese scheme and feasible path for promoting global Internet governance.

Generate, the supreme leader’s general secretary’s important thought about the network power, has gained great energy.First, it embodies the people-centered concept.In recent years, the "Broadband China" strategy, the "internet plus" plan and the national big data strategy have promoted the integration of the Internet and the real economy, and promoted the rapid upgrading of traditional industries. The influence of Chinese Internet companies such as Alibaba, Tencent and Huawei has risen rapidly, and their business scope and service quality have also improved significantly. Network technology has been integrated into people’s lives at a faster and deeper speed, and is gradually realizing "providing useful, affordable and well-used information services for the people", and taking improving people’s well-being as the starting point and foothold of the development of network technology in China.

Second, the initial intention of actively participating in international cooperation has been realized.Today, countries have basically the same vision and direction for the development of digital economy and cyberspace. Therefore, it is of great significance to deepen the international cooperation and exchange of network governance, with common progress as the driving force and win-win as the goal. Only by mutual respect and trust can we advance together; Only by increasing communication and exchange can we achieve a win-win situation.

Third, it has achieved an important guarantee for national security.In recent years, cyberspace has been called "the battlefield without smoke" in the game among countries. Compared with traditional armament weapons, the lethality and destructive power of cyber weapons have been greatly enhanced. The cultivation and practice of ideology and values determine the stability and security of the country. Therefore, we must focus on network governance and firmly control the network position.

Governing the Internet according to law, running the Internet according to law and surfing the Internet according to law will promote the new journey of social governance in cyberspace.

(A) the new idea of governing the Internet according to law

The so-called governance of cyberspace according to law refers to the extension of social governance to cyberspace according to law, the establishment and improvement of a comprehensive network governance system, the strengthening of pipe networks according to law, the establishment of networks according to law and the access to the Internet according to law, and the comprehensive promotion of the legalization of cyberspace. According to the "Implementation Outline of Building a Society under the Rule of Law (2020-2025)", the governance of cyberspace according to law is mainly reflected in the improvement of the legal system, the cultivation of the awareness of the rule of law and the protection of the legal rights and interests of the network.

Improve the legal system and lay the foundation of the rule of law."Cyberspace is not a place outside the law", and the rule of law is the basic way of Internet governance. It has become a global consensus to use the concept of rule of law, rule of law thinking and rule of law means to promote Internet governance according to law. At this stage, China has basically formed a network legal system based on the Constitution, laws, administrative regulations, departmental rules and local regulations, traditional legislation, and special legislation such as network construction and management, network security and informatization, etc. Nevertheless, in the face of the products of the new era, on the road of ruling the Internet according to law, we should still adhere to scientific and democratic legislation, improve the relevant legal system of cyberspace, establish and improve the network security review and management system, make the network security legal system better serve the people, and lay the legal foundation for social governance in the Internet era.

Cultivate the awareness of the rule of law, and adhere to the rule of virtue.Cyberspace is virtual, but it is realistic to use the main body of cyberspace. In the process of network activities, we should clarify our rights and obligations, enhance our legal reserves, and operate legally under the guidance of socialist core values and the main theme of the times. At the same time, strictly regulate the promotion of online media literacy to the awareness of the rule of law, strengthen the institutionalization of online integrity, and strengthen the guidance to the people and related subjects.

Safeguard legal rights and interests and achieve a win-win situation for all parties.Prevent network security risks according to law and strengthen the protection of legal rights and interests of all subjects in network activities. At a time when telecom fraud, cyber financial crimes, cyber libel and other acts are frequent, perfecting the information sharing mechanism, vigorously propagating anti-fraud ideas, and strengthening the punishment of related illegal and criminal acts are the implementation and promotion of governing the internet according to law, and also the further realization of comprehensively governing the country according to law.

(2) A new journey of social governance

Promoting the rule of law and building a network power is an important driving force for economic development, a source of people’s happy life, an important guarantee for national security and an important way for international cooperation.

Explore in real opportunities.With the development of human society rolling forward, the Internet has already become a brand-new carrier of information dissemination, and cyberspace has already formed a new world of human life. As a network power, we seize the importance of network governance in the opportunity, and gradually systematize and theorize.

Explore in the process of practice.The formation of any thought is inseparable from practice. From the professional information team to the leading group of network security and informatization, China has never slackened off on network governance, and the new ideas from the traditional social governance model to Internet governance have been enriched by bit by bit practical experience.

It is a brand-new task of the new era and a brand-new journey of social governance to implement the important thought of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on strengthening the country by network under the background of the strategy of comprehensively governing the country according to law. Only by creatively applying the existing social governance experience to the governance of cyberspace can the energy contained in Internet technology be maximized. (Author: Li Dan, Associate Professor, School of Law, Institute of International Relations)

　　Hengyang is rich in agricultural resources, which is a big agricultural city in Hunan Province. In December, 2021, the promotion of "three products and one standard" in provincial agricultural production sounded the horn of assembly in the whole province. In March this year, the promotion of "three products and one standard" in Hengyang agricultural production officially kicked off.　

　　Agriculture returns to nature, and green grows in the heart. "Hengyang City is based on the requirements of’ quality agriculture, green agriculture and strong brand agriculture’, and strengthens green orientation, standard guidance and quality and safety technical support." The main person in charge of the Municipal Party Committee said that the agricultural production and the "three products and one standard" action of agricultural products should be promoted as a whole, that is, variety cultivation, quality improvement, brand building and standardized production should be promoted in production methods. In terms of agricultural product quality, we will develop green food, organic agricultural products, geographical indication agricultural products, implement the qualified certificate system for edible agricultural products, optimize agricultural production structure and product structure, and improve the level of green, high-quality, characteristic and brand of agricultural products.

　　Little day lily, get rich "shake the money grass"　

　　In Qidong County, improved variety breeding of day lily has become the first choice for improving quality and increasing yield.

　　"In recent years, Jidong County has organized Jin Xuan Biotechnology, Anmin Agricultural Technology and other enterprises to breed 20 new varieties of early-maturing and late-maturing daylily with high quality, high yield and high resistance." The person in charge of Qidong county government said that among them, new varieties such as "Anminhua Sanyuexiang", "Anminhua No.2" and "Anminhua No.7" have the characteristics of long picking time, high yield and good resistance.

　　It is understood that last year, Shanghai Universities of Applied Sciences Hunan Hemerocallis Research Institute and Hunan Hemerocallis Research Institute seedling breeding base were completed and put into operation in Hengyang City.

　　"At present, there are 70 strains, 129 varieties and more than 5 million seedlings in the seedling breeding base." According to the main person in charge of Hengyang Municipal Government, in recent years, Qidong County has built three new seed breeding bases, collected and introduced 310 edible and ornamental daylily varieties (germplasm resources) at home and abroad, and built the largest edible daylily germplasm resource bank in China.

　　"In July last year, the daylily seeds provided by Jidong County took the Shenzhou 12 spacecraft and carried out a three-month space mutation breeding work." According to the person in charge, Hengyang City has bred 10 new varieties with super high yield, high quality, high adaptability and unique quality. The picking period of day lily extends from May to July to April to September every year, and the yield per mu of high-yield varieties can reach 3,000 kilograms. This year, the county sold 40,000 tons of daylily, achieving a sales income of 2.6 billion yuan. Daylily has become a "money-shaking grass" for farmers to increase their income and get rich.

　　Where is the agricultural product good? Hengyang has good quality.　

　　"The appearance of’ Hengyang Xianghuang Chicken’ is mainly marked by yellow hair, yellow mouth and yellow feet. The meat is tender and smooth, the skin is crisp and thin, the muscles are tight and elastic, the taste is delicious, nutritious and nourishing, and the medicinal value is extremely high." The main person in charge of Hengyang Municipal Government introduced that it enjoys a high reputation in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hong Kong and Macao markets.

　　During the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" period, Hengyang will focus on supporting and cultivating two or three leading enterprises with an annual output value exceeding 1 billion yuan to build the whole industrial chain of Xianghuang chicken. Strive to achieve the annual total output value of Hengyang Xianghuang Chicken industry exceeding 10 billion yuan in 2025.

　　Where agricultural products are good, Hengyang has good quality. The city attaches great importance to the work of "three products and one standard" of agricultural products (green food, organic agricultural products, geographical indications of agricultural products, and qualified certificates of agricultural products). Relying on superior natural resources and environment, based on characteristic advantageous industries, we have vigorously cultivated and developed the "three products and one standard" agricultural product certification, effectively improving the quality of characteristic advantageous agricultural products. As of October this year, Hengyang has certified 265 green foods, 11 organic foods and 8 geographical indications of agricultural products.

　　With Hengyang agricultural products at home, it is no longer difficult to adjust people’s opinions.　

　　On November 25th, the author came to Sanzhang Town, Hengdong County, which is known as the "No.1 Township of Yellow Pepper in China" for an interview. Liao Bolin, a poverty-stricken household in Linglin Village, who is over 70 years old, said with joy that this year, the village helped his family to transfer 2 mu of land to plant yellow pepper, producing 1,500 kilograms of yellow pepper and earning nearly 30,000 yuan annually.

　　"The ripe fresh fruit of’ Sanzhanghuanggongjiao’ is spicy and sweet, with thin skin and thick flesh, and crisp taste …" At present, there are more than 400 local food and beverage outlets in Hengdong County, and more than 500 specialty stores and chain stores have been opened all over the country. There are more than 100,000 employees in the local vegetable industry chain, and the output value of the local vegetable industry chain reaches 3 billion yuan.

　　"There are Hengyang agricultural products at home, and it is no longer difficult to adjust." The person in charge of Hengyang Agricultural and Rural Bureau introduced that nowadays, the brand building of Hengyang agricultural products presents a diversified development pattern.

　　-"Two yellows, two teas and one flower" has obvious characteristics. Eight agricultural products, such as "Sanzhanghuanggongjiao", were registered as national geographical indication agricultural products, Hengyang Camellia oleifera China featured agricultural products advantage area was recognized as the third batch of China featured agricultural products advantage area, "Nanyue Yunwu Tea" was rated as "Top Ten Famous Tea in Hunan" and "Qidong Daylily" was rated as the top ten public brands in Hunan Province.

　　-"One county, one special" is in good shape. Hengnan County, Changning City and leiyang city City aim to develop the oil-tea industry, while Hengdong County highlights the yellow pepper industry and Qidong County takes the day lily industry as the leader. Hengyang County and Hengshan County focus on Hunan yellow chicken industry, Nanyue District develops tea industry, Yanfeng District, Shigu District and zhengxiang district City focus on vegetable industry, and Zhuhui District focuses on radish industry. Regional public brands include Qingquan Farmer in Hengnan County, Hengshan Shanpin in Hengshan County and Tashan Shan Lan Tea in Changning City.

　　-"One village, one product" is full of vitality. Zanthoxylum bungeanum fragrance floats to get rich. In Liuhe Village, Lijiang Town, Hengnan County, a total of more than 2,600 mu of purple shale mountain area was planted with pepper trees. It is understood that as of mid-November this year, the village has planted 1,200 mu of pepper. Only this one, the village collective economic income increased by 100,000 yuan per year. The village has become the first village of pepper in Hengyang City.

　　"Industry is the cornerstone of sustainable rural development." The person in charge of Hengyang municipal government said that the city actively promoted "one village, one policy", created "one village, one product" and promoted the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside.

　　"At present, daylily in Huangtupu Town, Jidong County, Tashan Shan Lan Tea in Tashan Yao Township, Changning City, Zanthoxylum bungeanum in Liuhe Village, Lijiang Town, Hengnan County, poultry eggs in Lihua Village, Xialiu Town, Hengdong County, and wogan in Longfeng Village, Yonghe Township, Hengshan County have given full play to the advantages of local resources and enhanced the effect of linking agriculture with agriculture and increasing income."

　　"The quality of food, the characteristics of food and the safety of food"　

　　How to let the people eat high-quality food and safe food? This year, Hengyang City keeps a close eye on the people’s good expectations of "good quality, characteristics and safety". So, how is this action implemented?

　　—— In terms of variety cultivation, Hengyang will rescue and collect a number of rare, endangered, unique resources and characteristic local varieties; Carry out the purification and rejuvenation of local varieties such as Jinjialing radish, Sanchang yellow pepper, Hengshan red crisp peach, Changning slag-free ginger and Hengyang spoon white, speed up the purification and rejuvenation of local varieties such as pig in front of the temple, Hunan yellow chicken and Changyong turtle, and strengthen the purity and rejuvenation of the original varieties with the focus on domestication and breeding of indigenous fish; Accelerate the cultivation of rice varieties with low cadmium accumulation and short-season, cadmium-resistant and suitable cotton varieties.

　　-In terms of quality improvement, Hengyang City has accelerated the promotion of fine varieties, making the coverage rate of improved rice varieties in the city more than 99%, and the coverage rate of improved dry grain varieties over 90%; We will steadily promote the new rape varieties with high yield, high oil content and high oleic acid content, low erucic acid content and low glucosinolate content, and double resistance (disease resistance and lodging resistance), and the coverage rate of improved varieties will reach over 98%.

　　—— In terms of brand building, Hengyang City has stepped up its media promotion, and carried out regional public brand promotion and "one county, one special" brand public welfare promotion in the mainstream media. Make full use of the central agricultural fair, farmers’ harvest festival and other celebrations, as well as Hunan high-quality agricultural products exhibition center and exhibition hall to carry out brand promotion and marketing activities.

　　—— In terms of standardized production, in accordance with the requirements of "adopting standards with standards, creating standards without standards, and implementing standards in the whole process", we will speed up the management of standards in key links of production environment, input quality control, agricultural and veterinary drug residues, postpartum treatment, storage and transportation, product processing, and brand building, and promote the establishment of a standard system for the whole industrial chain of modern agriculture.

　　At the same time, Hengyang City promoted the improved varieties of tea clones, and the rate of improved varieties of tea clones in the city reached more than 70%. Vegetables are mainly connected with Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and efforts are made to promote excellent new varieties such as "three products (leafy vegetables, melons and fruits, root vegetables) and four excellent products (day lily, taro, edible fungi, and processed peppers)".

　　"The Party’s Report to the 20th CPC National Congress proposed to give priority to the development of agriculture and rural areas." The main person in charge of Hengyang Municipal Committee said that the standardized production level in Hengyang will be continuously improved, and the pilot project of improving the quality of farmers’ cooperatives will be implemented in five counties, and the agricultural socialization service will be piloted in five counties, and 35 municipal demonstration regional agricultural socialization comprehensive service centers will be built, two standardized production bases for green food raw materials will be built, and 20 standardized demonstration fields for livestock and poultry breeding will be created.

　　"During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, Hengyang will build a well-known agricultural brand, promote the comprehensive green transformation of agriculture, and provide strong support for comprehensively promoting rural revitalization and accelerating agricultural and rural modernization in Hengyang."