● Morally speaking, adults in the swimming pool should pay attention to whether there are children drowning around them, and from the perspective of the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation, if children are found drowning, they should help them in time or ask the lifeguards for help at the first time.

　　● The swimming pool has the obligation of safety guarantee. Lifeguards or other employees, such as cleaning staff, belong to the internal staff of the swimming pool. The negligence of lifeguards means that the swimming pool failed to fulfill its security obligations; Staff other than lifeguards in the museum are also obligated to help consumers if they find that they are drowning.

　　● According to the actual situation of life-saving development in China, establish relevant management regulations, improve the swimming safety education and training system, and establish strict examination and supervision institutions to strengthen the supervision of swimming safety education, so as to ensure the orderly progress of safety education.

　　Recently, a video of "boy drowning in swimming pool" attracted attention on the Internet. The surveillance video showed that a boy accidentally left the swimming ring and struggled in the water and then sank to the bottom of the pool, but no one around him seemed to find anything unusual. A few minutes later, the boy was rescued and eventually died.

　　On October 9, the relevant departments of the accident site issued a notice: they have quickly rushed to the scene to carry out rescue and after-care work. The swimming pool involved has been shut down, and an incident investigation team has been set up to carry out relevant verification and investigation work. The next step will be to seriously pursue accountability according to the law and regulations according to the investigation.

　　After the incident, the public lamented, and more people raised questions: Where did the lifeguards go at the time of the incident? Does the boy drown, do people around him have the responsibility and obligation to help? Are the swimming pool, lifeguards and boy guardians responsible for the accident?

　　The "Rule of Law Daily" reporter interviewed a number of experts to interpret the legal issues behind the incident.

　　Focus one

　　There was a drowning. Where did the lifeguard go?

　　In this incident, the most puzzling thing is that the swimming pool is not a wild river and lake, and it must be equipped with life-saving personnel according to regulations, but why was the drowning incident not discovered and disposed of by lifeguards in time?

　　The video at the time of the incident showed that although there were lifeguard seats beside the swimming pool, the lifeguards in the swimming pool were not at the scene. The staff of the swimming pool said in an interview with the media that "the lifeguard had something to leave at that time".

　　When people drown in swimming pools, lifeguards leave their posts or are not on duty, even if they are on duty, which leads to drowning, there have been many incidents this year.

　　In March this year, a swimming pool drowned in jiangyou city, Sichuan Province. The family members of the deceased checked the monitoring at the time of the incident and found that the deceased had a convulsion in the swimming pool and then stayed in the water until he was rescued by other swimmers, during which no lifeguards appeared in the swimming pool. The staff of the swimming pool said that the incident occurred earlier and the lifeguards had not yet arrived.

　　Three months later, a man drowned in the indoor heated swimming pool of a club in Zengcheng District, Guangzhou. The lifeguard in the swimming pool bowed his head and seemed to be playing with his mobile phone. He didn’t notice the drowning situation, and it took 9 minutes to rescue him. Finally, the man drowned.

　　Hu Jian (not his real name), who works as a lifeguard in Beijing, told the reporter that after drowning, the drowning person will get water into his mouth and nose, stop breathing, dilate his pupils, twitch his body and so on in about 60 seconds, and brain cells will start to be damaged and die in 4 to 6 minutes. For the lifeguards in public swimming pools, when setting up observation platforms in standard swimming places (50m×25m), at least four observation platforms, that is, four lifeguards, should be set up according to the division of lifeguards’ observation areas and the principle of leaving no blind spots and dead corners. At the same time, according to different local regulations, if the water surface area of the swimming pool is 250 square meters or less, at least 3 lifeguards should be equipped; If the water surface area is more than 250 square meters, one person shall be added for every increase of 250 square meters and less.

　　"However, at present, public swimming pools, especially those in some gymnasiums, are not equipped with lifeguards or have insufficient lifeguards." Hu Jian said, "Sitting in a 1.9-meter-high lifesaving chair, you can observe everyone in the swimming pool. During work, you must keep a high degree of mental tension. If you realize that you are tired, you should take the initiative to exchange with the patrolling lifeguards, walk around the end and stay awake. The lives of dozens of people are related to you, and you can’t slack off at all. "

　　But in reality, not every lifeguard can be so responsible.

　　As a swimmer, Zhao Dan, a Beijing resident, told reporters that she often saw lifeguards in some swimming venues leaving their posts at will or on the job, but they were "deserting". "Last time I was in a swimming pool, five or six children were swimming in the pool, and one lifeguard was sitting in the stands, while another lifeguard was not far away playing with his mobile phone, which lasted for more than 10 minutes."

　　Xiong Wei (not his real name), who has been a swimming coach for many years in Beijing, said that the number of people learning to swim in summer increased sharply, and some swimming pool operators and coaches only paid attention to the teaching progress and neglected the safety management. Even if the lifeguards are fully equipped as required, some lifeguards are not responsible enough, and they play with their mobile phones or doze off when they are on duty. "When an accident occurs, if the lifeguards are slow to respond, it is easy to rescue them in time and have an accident."

　　Focus 2

　　Is the lifeguard suspected of serious accident?

　　For lifeguards who are not on duty, many interviewed experts believe that if lifeguards leave their posts without leave, they are suspected of committing a major liability accident.

　　"There is a causal relationship between the lifeguard’s AWOL behavior and the victim’s child drowning in the sense of criminal law, which is suspected of a major liability accident." Peng Xinlin, a professor at the Law School of Beijing Normal University, believes that lifeguards should foresee that when they know that someone, especially children with limited capacity for civil conduct, is swimming in the swimming pool, the act of leaving their posts without authorization may lead to the drowning of others and the untimely rescue, which will lead to the drowning of the victim. However, credulity can be avoided, resulting in drowning accidents and subjective negligence. From an objective point of view, the rescue of swimming pool belongs to the category of "operation", and the lifeguards violated the relevant safety management regulations during the operation, which finally led to the serious consequences of children drowning.

　　"The swimming pool has the obligation of security. Lifeguards or other employees are the internal staff of the swimming pool. The negligence of lifeguards means that the swimming pool has failed to fulfill its security obligations. After the swimming pool bears the liability for compensation to the victim, it can conduct internal handling or accountability according to the labor contract or employment agreement with employees such as lifeguards. " Meng Qiang, a professor at Beijing Institute of Technology Law School and director of the Civil Code Research Center, said.

　　In Peng Xinlin’s view, the operators or managers of the swimming pool obviously failed to fulfill their safety guarantee obligations, and they were not equipped when they should have at least two fixed water lifeguards, and the lifeguards left their jobs without authorization and failed to perform their duties as lifeguards. The swimming pool obviously failed to fulfill its management safety guarantee obligations, so if others were injured or drowned, they should bear tort liability according to law, including compensation for rescue expenses, death compensation, funeral expenses and spiritual comfort. In addition, the swimming pool should also be given corresponding administrative penalties for violating safety management and safety production operations.

　　Huang Zhong, a professor at the School of Civil and Commercial Law of Southwest University of Political Science and Law, believes that in order for lifeguards to perform their duties more seriously, they should strictly enforce the law, and let relevant units and personnel firmly establish the concept of life first and prevention first through after-the-fact accountability, and weave a good life safety net. In addition to investigating the criminal responsibility of relevant units and personnel according to law, they should also be investigated for their civil responsibility according to law.

　　"There are two bases for the civil liability of venues: one is based on the contract and the other is based on the infringement. At the same time, citizens should also be encouraged to report such violations of laws and regulations that endanger life safety. Procuratorial organs should also urge sports venues to fully implement the main responsibility of safety management through public interest litigation and form a joint force. " Huang Zhong said.

　　Meng Qiang added: "While the operators are liable for compensation, the relevant market supervision departments should also punish the operators and practitioners of swimming pools, and order them to perform their duties in strict accordance with the post requirements and work contents, so as to effectively protect the personal safety of consumers."

　　Focus 3

　　Do people around you have the responsibility and obligation to help?

　　The surveillance video shows that at 14: 20 on October 1, a boy turned over with his hands off the swimming ring and then struggled in the water. About a minute later, the boy was still and his body sank into the water. At that time, many adults and children were also in the pool, but no abnormality was found. At about 14: 28, the boy was found and picked up by an adult man on the side; At about 14: 30, many people at the scene began to rescue the boy.

　　Sadly, the focus of some netizens’ controversy is that the boy has been in the water for nearly 7 minutes. Why did the adult man next to him not find it and rescue it in time? Will the adult man bear legal responsibility for the boy’s drowning?

　　Huang Zhong believes that morally speaking, adults in swimming pools should pay attention to whether there are children drowning around them, and from the perspective of the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation, if children are found drowning, they should help them without endangering their own safety, or they can ask lifeguards for help at the first time.

　　"Relief is not a legal obligation, but the law encourages courage." Huang Zhong said that the Civil Code not only provided relief to those who were brave enough to help others for their own damage, but also exempted those who were brave enough to help others from their own damage in emergency rescue through Article 184. These two provisions have positively affirmed the righteous act of being brave in law. Therefore, through publicity and education, it is necessary for every citizen to help those in distress in time and jointly protect their lives without endangering their own safety.

　　Then, do other staff in the swimming pool except lifeguards have the obligation to rescue?

　　In this regard, Meng Qiang believes that the lifeguards in the museum certainly have the obligation to save lives, and other staff in the museum, such as cleaning staff, have the obligation to rescue consumers if they find drowning.

　　The relevant staff of the swimming pool revealed that the boy was brought to the swimming pool by an adult. It is not known who it is. Meng Qiang believes that after children are brought into the swimming pool, guardians must always be under strict supervision, preferably close to protection. If the guardian takes the children into the swimming pool, he ignores them and lets them play in the water alone, which will eventually lead to tragedy. The guardian obviously fails to fulfill his guardianship duties and needs to bear certain responsibilities.

　　Meng Qiang also reminded that if parents entrust their guardianship duties to others, and the trustee takes the children to swim, and tragedy occurs because they fail to perform their guardianship duties, then according to the provisions of the Civil Code, if the unpaid entrustment contract is caused by the intentional or gross negligence of the trustee, the principal may request compensation for the loss. Therefore, if the cause of the child’s drowning is caused by the principal’s gross negligence, he needs to bear the liability for compensation to the child’s guardian.

　　Focus 4

　　How to Strengthen Lifeguard Training

　　Yin Peigen, a teacher from the Physical Education Institute of Hainan University, who has written "Research on the Relevant Issues of Swimming Safety and Lifesaving Education", told the reporter that at present, the composition of swimming safety lifeguards in China is complex, and most of them are from health clubs and other employees, among whom the proportion of those with professional life-saving knowledge and skills is very small, and the mobility of personnel is large. Most of them are members and coaches of health clubs, and they have not been exposed to professional swimming safety education and training, and their professional quality is not high. They rely on their own personal experience in some ways.

　　"In addition, the sex ratio of lifeguards is unbalanced, with more men than women. There is no academic requirement for lifeguards, which leads to the low overall cultural level and comprehensive quality of lifeguards, which leads to laziness in behavior and habits, and the increase in risk factor during rescue, which makes swimming lifesaving work have great safety hazards. " Yin Peigen said.

　　According to Yin Peigen, the lifeguards’ association, which was established in China in the early days, nominally trained and managed all domestic swimming lifeguards. However, in the actual operation, the management system was not perfect, only limited to lifeguards and lifesaving training bases, and the management of lifesaving institutions and lifesaving personnel was limited. Moreover, the training of lifeguards at this stage mainly focused on the lifesaving work in swimming pools, ignoring the training of lifeguards at sea places.

　　"In the future, I hope to establish relevant management regulations based on the actual situation of the development of life-saving undertakings in China, improve the swimming safety education and training system, and establish strict examination and supervision institutions to strengthen the supervision of swimming safety education to ensure the orderly progress of safety education." Yin Peigen suggested that funds can be raised through some reasonable channels to provide sufficient material guarantee for the construction of life-saving institutions, so as to ensure the normal operation of life-saving training institutions and promote the healthy development of life-saving undertakings.

　　□ Our reporter Zhao Li

　　□ Our trainee reporter Ding Yi

　　

See snow drifting again.

Affection is a bond that can never be abandoned; Group year is the way home for family members who are thousands of miles away. Hundreds of millions of Chinese people are looking forward to the New Year, and they are looking forward to being happy to accompany their families to have a family reunion dinner, talk about their family, and make prayers. However, there are such a group of people who are afraid of the Chinese New Year, because they miss their loved ones in the high wall more and care more during the festive season. When you see the streets decorated with lights, when you hear the laughter and laughter of the neighbors next door, they are faced with the absence of their loved ones and the year after year when they can’t "reunite".

In order to further transform the results of family support and education, the Third Ward of Yizhou Prison organized the "Spring Warming and High Wall" support and education activities, and let the relatives of criminals spend a "reunion year" with their long-lost families on the eve of the Spring Festival in 2024. This is the coldest time since winter. Relatives of criminals come from all directions regardless of the cold, just to meet their relatives in the waiting high wall. The long-awaited reunion moment was full of excited tears and gratified smiles, and also left a touching moment.

Wu Mou, a criminal, has been in prison for almost three years, but he has never met his family. The prisoner is anxious about his family, has great psychological pressure, poor sleep quality, and is often in a trance and irritable. According to the police, the prisoner’s father’s household registration is not with him, and he can’t provide proof of relationship, so he can’t come to prison to meet him. For this reason, the police contacted Wu Mou’s father many times and instructed him to issue a certificate in his community, which was included in the list of family activities. Three years later, the father and son finally met at the scene of the help and education activities, and all their thoughts were released at this moment.

The criminal Ding Mou, the youngest criminal in the prison area, is under 19 years old. In Ding’s mother’s heart, he is still a child. Ding’s mother is always worried about whether he has listened to the words of disciplining the police … When she saw the standardized, neat and clean environment in the prison area and heard the police introduce the management and education of the prison, she repeatedly said to the police: "I am relieved now, and I can sleep well when I go back."

The criminal Hu, whose wife is seriously ill. Being in a high wall, it has become his extravagant hope to accompany his wife to see a doctor and take medicine, and it has also become a heart disease when he is serving his sentence. At the scene of helping and teaching, he looked at his seriously ill wife with distress, poured hot water for her, and clung to her hand and refused to let go. They agreed to work together and wait for him to come home from prison and spend the rest of his life together.

At the activity meeting, the prison area answered the questions concerned by the family members one by one, hoping that the family members would encourage their relatives to confess their sins and repent and actively reform. At the same time, it is necessary to educate criminals to realize the difficulties of their loved ones, establish a sense of family responsibility and social responsibility, and take "not coming for nothing, not coming again" as an important goal of reform and future life.

The snow outside the window is still falling, and the multi-purpose hall in the prison area is filled with a warm reunion atmosphere. This is a long-awaited reunion, and the thoughts piled up like snow in my heart have melted into yearning for a better new life and the driving force for new life in this moment of zero-distance gathering.

A special "Year of the League" not only builds a bridge of communication and exchange between criminals and their relatives, but also enables their families to know more about prison work. On the way of education reform, Yizhou Prison has been committed to combining education reform with family responsibility and social responsibility, inspiring criminals to reform from the heart, giving full play to the ties and driving role of family ties, and inspiring the misguided souls to regain their courage and confidence in returning to society, so as to realize the transformation from the inside out.

Yizhou prison in Sichuan province

Original title: "Transformation of Xiaoyi Dialect | Seeing the snow drifting again, they ushered in a special" Youth League Year ""

Read the original text

　　Ten years ago, one of the fulcrums to incite domestic demand was real estate, and it will still be ten years later. However, the previous reliance was on the commercial housing market, and this time the foothold will be affordable housing.

　　"After buying a house for two years, business tax will no longer be levied, and the strength of the policy exceeds market expectations." On the evening of 17th, a real estate agent manager in Shanghai couldn’t hide his surprise on the phone. Stunned. On that day, the the State Council executive meeting just studied and determined three measures to promote the healthy development of the property market.

　　The central government has also reserved a lot of space for local governments to "rescue the market": all regions should adjust measures to local conditions and "further adopt policies and measures to promote the healthy development of the real estate market".

　　Looking back on 2008, from the intensive control object of macro policy to being positioned as "an important pillar industry of national economy" again; From trying every means to stabilize the soaring price and cool down the investment speculation, to using credit and tax policies to stimulate demand by all means; From queuing up all night to freezing sales. The real estate industry has gone through this year. How to treat the adjustment of building administration? Do we have to save the property market to save the economy? Must the house price be guaranteed to save the property market?

　　Do we have to save the property market to save the economy?

　　Some people even doubt the "justice" of saving the property market. In this regard, financial columnist Wu Xiaobo said, "The government has its moral justice to save the market at this moment."

　　On December 10th, Morgan Stanley Research Department released the latest economic research report on China, and held that the typical feature of China’s economy in 2009 was "deterioration followed by improvement", but real estate investment was the biggest uncertain factor to judge the growth expectation in 2009.

　　In the composition of fixed assets investment in the whole society, real estate investment, which is closely related to more than 50 industries, ranks first in the world. As of July 2008, the sum of electric power, heat energy, transportation and water conservancy environment accounted for less than 25% of fixed assets investment, manufacturing investment exceeded 30%, and real estate investment accounted for more than 33%. This determines that infrastructure investment alone is not enough to prop up economic growth, and pure government investment is also difficult to make up for the decline in real estate and manufacturing investment.

　　Not to mention the dependence of local finance on real estate. Taking a district of a city in the east as an example, the fiscal revenue in 2005 was 12.4 billion yuan, of which 6.4 billion yuan was turned over to the city and the central government, and the local disposable fiscal revenue was 6 billion yuan; Among them, 2 billion yuan must be "rewarded" to industrial enterprises according to the investment agreement, and the local actual disposable tax revenue is 4 billion yuan. The tax revenue contributed by the real estate industry in that year (including central tax and local tax) reached 2.8 billion yuan, as well as 1.2 billion yuan of supporting fees for large real estate municipalities collected by hitchhiking and about 2 billion yuan of land transfer fees in that year, which were not included in the fiscal account and were used outside the system. In this way, among the 7.2 billion yuan of government funds actually available at the district and street (township) levels, the real estate industry has created more than 5 billion yuan.

　　In this case, re-boosting the real estate industry has become an important choice to promote investment and protect the economy. Real estate has been promoted to "an important pillar industry of the national economy" and "affordable housing project" has been listed as the first of the "Ten National Articles", so the policy mix clearly conveys the orientation that "saving the economy must save the real estate first" and "promoting investment cannot be separated from stabilizing the property market".

　　"I wonder, what are the similarities and differences between starting domestic demand under the financial tsunami in 2008 and stimulating domestic demand under the Asian financial storm in 1998?" Hu Yijian, a professor at the School of Public Economics and Management of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, said, "Ten years ago, one of the fulcrums to incite domestic demand was real estate, and it will still be ten years later. However, the previous time relied on the commercial housing market, and this time the foothold was affordable housing. "

　　Must the house price be guaranteed to save the property market?

　　As the year draws near, developers are even more hungry for funds, and discount promotion patterns are constantly being refurbished. In Changsha, Hunan Province, there is even a developer’s activity of "buying facial cleanser and sending it to the house". A real estate agency negotiated with the developer to launch a sales model: citizens buy facial cleanser, liquor and other consumer goods through the company, and every time they spend more than 1,500 yuan, they will give a 1 square meter house, buy more and send more. After making up a house area, you can exchange it for a house from the developer.

　　How to fully release the normal housing consumption demand? The fundamental point is to improve purchasing power. There are two ways to improve purchasing power. One is to increase income, which is almost impossible when the economy enters the downward cycle. The second is to reduce housing prices, which is the most practical way at present.

　　Different from the expectations of a few wealthy people when they invest in housing, a large number of working-class people consume housing based on reality. As long as the house price is adjusted back to its purchasing power range, or even "within reach", they will enter the market. When the real estate market is a consumer market, the most important issue for housing buyers is their ability to pay rather than their confidence. Recently, some properties of Country Garden, a real estate tycoon, are selling well in a weak market. One of the important reasons is that they are low in total price and high in cost performance. In recent years, the prices of some high-quality properties developed by Country Garden are close to the prices of affordable housing. The example of Country Garden shows that only standing on the basis of consumers’ purchasing power can bring lasting demand for the property market.

　　Professor Yin Bocheng, an economist, believes that since the Central Economic Work Conference clearly stated that "reducing the burden of residents’ reasonable purchase of self-occupied ordinary commercial housing and giving full play to the positive role of real estate in expanding domestic demand", it is time to return to the origin of purchasing power to observe the property market problem.

　　As for the tax rebate for buying houses, which is widely circulated in the market at present, it is only attractive to high-income people. Our reporter once asked two high-income earners whether they would consider buying a house if the principal and interest paid by the purchaser to the bank were deducted from the personal income tax base. A professor from Shanghai University of Finance and Economics replied: It depends on the deduction time. If the deduction time is long, you will consider investing in real estate; If there is no tax rebate incentive, I will not consider buying a house now. Because he already has three houses, he just sold one in early 2008. A president of a securities company who began to be laid off in the second quarter of 2008 replied: If the tax is refunded, I will not be in a hurry to receive my salary and bonus in the first quarter of this year, and I will receive it after deducting the purchase of a house. Obviously, the tax rebate policy for purchasing houses that has been introduced in Chongqing and other places is effective in stimulating real estate investment, but the side effect is that it may continue to blow up the bubble and bring new injustice.

　　"Stable transaction volume" or "stable house price"?

　　The Central Economic Work Conference proposed that one of the key tasks of economic work next year is to "maintain the stable and healthy development of the real estate market". Is the key to stabilizing the property market to "stabilize the transaction volume" or "stabilize the house price"?

　　This must be clear about the real estate market, what is the first need of the current government? It is real estate investment that drives economic growth and the jobs it creates, followed by taxes and land transfer fees from the real estate industry. In other words, for the government, it is more important to maintain high real estate turnover than to maintain high housing prices. Only by appropriately lowering the price in exchange for the transaction volume can the real estate investment continue, because the inventory is counterproductive to the investment. The more vacant stock houses, the smaller the prosperity of future investment, and the terminal sales volume is the first factor to ensure the investment to run. If the sky-high price is low (as has happened in some cities since the third quarter of this year), the so-called price has no market and the sales freeze will force the investment to drop sharply. In the end, the government can neither get taxes from real estate nor even guarantee jobs.

　　In a word, the root of stimulating domestic demand with real estate consumption is to reduce prices, run volume and pull investment to drive employment and protect the overall situation.

　　From this perspective, we can correctly understand why the Central Economic Work Conference proposed that "the desire of residents to improve their living conditions reasonably should be combined with the role of real estate as a pillar industry", that "the supply of affordable housing should be increased, the burden of residents’ reasonable purchase of self-occupied ordinary commercial housing should be reduced, and that real estate should play an active role in expanding domestic demand", and that the the State Council executive meeting on the 17th called for "guiding real estate development enterprises to actively respond to market changes and promote the sale of commercial housing" in studying and deploying policies and measures to promote the healthy development of the property market. (Reporter: Xu Shousong)

The State Council issued several opinions on promoting the healthy development of the real estate market.

　　On the 21st, the General Office of the State Council published "Several Opinions on Promoting the Healthy Development of the Real Estate Market" on the Chinese government website. The opinion puts forward that the construction of affordable housing should be strengthened to further improve the living conditions of the people and promote the healthy development of the real estate market.

　　The State Council executive meeting deployed measures to promote the healthy development of real estate market.

　　Wen Jiabao, Prime Minister of the State Council, presided over the the State Council executive meeting on 17th to study and deploy policies and measures to promote the healthy development of the real estate market.

　　The central bank and the China Banking Regulatory Commission jointly issued measures: the interest rate of low-rent housing construction loans will drop by 10%

　　On the 17th, the central bank and the China Banking Regulatory Commission jointly issued the Measures for the Administration of Low-rent Housing Construction Loans, which stipulated that the interest rate of low-rent housing construction loans should be lowered by 10% according to the benchmark interest rate of loans of the same grade in the same period published by the People’s Bank of China.

　　The National Development and Reform Commission issued a central subsidy of 10 billion yuan for the construction of affordable housing.

　　According to the introduction of the National Development and Reform Commission on the 17th, the National Development and Reform Commission recently issued a 10 billion yuan central subsidy investment plan to speed up the construction of low-rent housing and the renovation of shanty towns in state-owned forest areas, reclamation areas and coal mines, as well as to expand the pilot renovation of dilapidated houses in rural areas.

　　Supporting the bottom, activating and working together-interpretation of three key words of the new policy of the property market

　　"At present, we must adhere to the basic direction of housing marketization and the principle of implementing the housing security system for low-income people with housing difficulties …"

　　The two "Persistences" clearly put forward by the the State Council executive meeting on 17th not only show the government’s determination to increase the construction of affordable housing, but also show the attitude of adopting more active economic policies to activate the ordinary commodity housing market.

　　Xinhua Viewpoint: Communication on Policy Adjustment of Current Real Estate Market

　　"Everything is available, and the policy is strong, exceeding market expectations." On the evening of 17th, an account manager of Daning Store of Zhongyuan Real Estate could not conceal his surprise on the phone. "Business tax will not be levied after buying a house for two years, but we thought it would take at least three years."

　　The government has made all-round moves to stimulate the property market experts to interpret the four new policies in detail

　　Yesterday (17th), Premier Wen Jiabao of the State Council presided over the the State Council executive meeting to study and deploy policies and measures to promote the healthy development of the real estate market.

　　The transfer of houses over two years will be exempted from business tax, and the urban real estate tax will be cancelled.

　　The Central Economic Work Conference, which ended on the 10th of this month, proposed that "the supply of affordable housing should be increased, the burden of reasonable housing purchase should be reduced, and the role of real estate in expanding domestic demand should be brought into play". Yesterday (December 17th), the the State Council executive meeting determined three measures to speed up the construction of affordable housing, encourage housing consumption and maintain a reasonable investment scale in real estate development.

　　Year-end feature: three key words outline the confidence curve of the property market in 2008

　　2008 is destined to be an extraordinary year for both the world and China.

　　At the beginning of the year, Wang Shi first threw out the "inflection point theory"; As the tide of price reduction began to sweep across the national property market, in some cities with large bubbles, the phenomenon of supply interruption began to appear; What makes developers more stressed is the unprecedented calm wait-and-see attitude of home buyers. The continued downturn in the transaction means that the real estate market has fallen into a period of deep adjustment.

　　The Blue Book looks forward to the real estate market in 2009: it will enter a long adjustment period.

　　China Academy of Social Sciences pointed out in the 2009 Blue Book of Economy published in Beijing on the 2nd that the real estate market will enter a long adjustment period in 2009 under the influence of international and domestic economic situation and national macro-control policies.

　　Year-end feature: The era of high housing prices is drifting away.

　　Similar to the trend of the securities market, the real estate market in China has also cooled rapidly from the "boiling point" at the beginning of this year. Up to now, the market depression is still continuing. Although since the fourth quarter, the government has stepped up efforts to rescue the market, and the real estate market in major first-tier cities is slightly warming up, there are indications that some leading indicators of the real estate market are still not very optimistic.

Editor: Wang Jiaolong

Original title: 162 goddesses are waiting for you to enjoy the sexiest beauty in the world.

& & Title &&The sexiest beauty in the world! 162 goddesses are waiting for you to enjoy. In this article, we will take you to enjoy a visual feast and enjoy 162 most attractive women from all over the world. Their beautiful styles vary from sweet and lovely girls to mature and attractive goddesses. Let’s explore the feast of the sexiest beauty in the world and find your favorite!

The strongest AI beauty artifact on the surface, Xiaobai can also get started immediately, free for a limited time, click on the experience →

Editor in charge:

　　CCTV News:The Central Meteorological Observatory continued to release on the 3rd.Blizzard yellow warningAffected by the eastward movement of the south branch trough and the southward cold air, there will be a large-scale rain and snow weather process in most parts of central and eastern China today and tomorrow, with moderate to heavy snow in the eastern part of northwest China, southwestern part of North China, most of Huanghuai, Jianghan and Jianghuai. Among them, there are blizzards in parts of central and southern Shaanxi, western and northern Hubei, southern Henan and northern Jiangsu and Anhui (10~ 18 mm), local snowstorm.

　　Seeing the weather forecast, many netizens were puzzled: didn’t they say "Blizzard"? Why is it only a few tens of millimeters? It’s not as thick as the sole. You must be mistaken! It should be in centimeters!

　　Is it true that the meteorological department made a mistake in measurement? Of course not! In fact, it is like this:Snowfall and snow depth are two different concepts. Snowfall does not refer to the snow depth, but the precipitation value in winter.

　　How is the snowfall level divided?

　　The snowfall level is not divided according to the thickness of snow on the ground. According to the standards of the meteorological department, due to the size, shape and density of snow falling on the ground, the snowfall isAccording to the amount of water after the snow melts, divided into multiple levels from low to high.. The snowfall levels are as follows:

　　Light snow: the snowfall within 12 hours is less than 1.0 mm (equivalent to the amount of melted rain, the same below).

　　Medium snow: the snowfall is 1.0 ~ 3.0mm in 12 hours or 2.5 ~ 5.0mm in 24 hours.

　　Heavy snow: snowfall is 3.0 ~ 6.0mm in 12 hours or 5.0 ~ 10.0mm in 24 hours.

　　Blizzard: The snowfall is more than 6.0 mm in 12 hours or more than 10.0 mm in 24 hours.

　　In many places, sometimes the snowfall will be much greater than 10 mm, so many places and forecasts also introduce the concepts of heavy blizzard and heavy blizzard with reference to the two levels of heavy rainstorm and heavy rainstorm.

　　Blizzard: A snowfall process in which the snowfall is 20.0 ~ 30.0 mm within 24 hours.

　　Heavy snowstorm: the process of snowfall with a snowfall of more than 30 mm within 24 hours.

　　In addition, in life, we occasionally see snow falling, but it can’t form snow. This kind of snowfall is called "sporadic light snow".

　　Now, I finally know why the snowfall of more than ten millimeters can be called blizzard ~

　　▌Source of this article: CCTV News Synthesis, China Weather Network, China News Network.

　　One international student with three opposite sex study partners? The "Buddy" project of Chinese and foreign students in Shandong University has caused controversy.

　　It is questioned that in 2018, Shandong University’s "study partner" program was upgraded to one international student with three on-campus students, and the participating students in the school were mainly girls.

　　On July 11th, the staff of the Propaganda Department of Shandong University Party Committee replied to The Paper that they were studying the matter.

　　On the afternoon of 11th, a teacher from graduate department of Shandong University told The Paper that the "Learning Companion" program was first implemented in 2016, and it was generally welcomed by students after implementation. "Students registered actively and gave better feedback". Regarding the questioning of online public opinion, the teacher said that it was a malicious misinterpretation.

　　Controversial "Learning Companion" Project

　　Shandong University’s "Learning Companion" project, which was exposed by netizens in Weibo on July 6th, caused controversy.

　　According to the blog post, an international student in Shandong University has three study partners. From one-to-one pairing in 2017, each international student in 2018 has three healthy study partners, forming a three-person study partner group, and the unsuccessful study partners are included in the study partner database.

　　The registration form of the student partner and the regulations on the management of the student partner do not evade the problem of the opposite sex student partner. In the application form, the gender of the study partner is particularly emphasized, and "making foreign friends of the opposite sex" is listed as one of the options, and it is marked in red at the head: "Please fill in the details as carefully as possible so as to match your favorite study partner".

　　Some netizens commented in the Weibo, "I really don’t understand, what is the intention of introducing those little girls who are not familiar with personnel or even have never talked about love to foreign male students as study companions?"

　　The Paper noted that an online document "Description of Shandong University on Holding Chinese and Foreign Students’ Learning Companion Activities" stated that it was legal and proper for Shandong University to hold Chinese and foreign "Learning Companion Activities". The "study partner" activity for Chinese and foreign students is an activity held to promote the study of Chinese and foreign students. Chinese and foreign students are study partners, and all of them are free to register, not to find study partners for international students alone.

　　On the morning of July 11th, The Paper asked the International Affairs Department of Shandong University for verification on this document. A staff member of the International Affairs Department told The Paper that the school had noticed the relevant public opinion and needed to contact the Propaganda Department for details.

　　The "Learning Partner" project was implemented in 2016.

　　The Paper found that the "study partner" program for international students in Shandong University was implemented in 2016.

　　In October 2016, the International Affairs Department of Shandong University published the Interim Provisions on the Management of the Student Companion Program of Shandong University (hereinafter referred to as the Provisions), which indicated that the Student Companion Program was an activity to increase the understanding and exchange between China students and international students and promote the internationalization of Shandong University students.

　　According to the requirements of the Regulations, the group participating in the "Learning Partner Program" is open to students who are officially registered in the whole school, and undergraduates, master students and doctoral students can participate. Students can participate in the "study partner program" for a maximum of one year, and can submit a written application to continue to participate after the expiration of the validity period.

　　In addition, the "Regulations" indicate that if you go out with your school partners, you must report to the relevant person in charge for approval. If you go out for more than one day, you must apply in writing and get approval before implementation.

　　On October 29th, 2016, a notice about recruiting foreign students as "study companions" was publicly released at the official website of the Graduate Association of Shandong University. The notice showed that students of study companions must have "a high level of English or Japanese, Korean, Russian and other foreign languages".

　　The Paper saw in an application form of Shandong University’s exchange students "study partner" downloaded from his official website that students who signed up should fill in the basic information such as name, gender and nationality, as well as dietary taboos, hobbies and specialties, and students with study partners can freely fill in the "gender of their desired study partner".

　　After the announcement of recruiting international students as "study partners", The Paper inquired in official website of Shandong University and found that Qilu Hospital College of Shandong University published the first batch of "college" matching results and the notice of the first meeting of "study partners" activities in official website on December 1, 2016. Official website announced that the activity received a total of 360 application information from 28 colleges of Shandong University, and 122 pairs of friendly "study partners" were successfully selected among 122 international students and 238 China students who registered.

　　Official website of Qilu Medical College issued the Notice on Announcing the Group Results of 2018 Students’ Partners and the First Meeting Party of Students’ Partners’ Activities. As of November 15th, 2018, the activities received a total of 270 registration information. Among the registered international students and China students, 141 China students and 47 international students have been successfully selected to form 47 friendly "study partner" groups.

　　山大师生谈“学伴”：总体评价较好，增强友好交流

　　针对质疑声，曾担任2016年山东大学“学伴”招募计划的负责人7月11日告诉澎湃新闻，“一对一”、“一对三”系网友恶意曲解。他介绍，山东大学“学伴”计划成立之初，目的在于促进中外学生之间的交流，学生之间系自愿报名参加，“不存在一个留学生跟三名女生”配比。

　　他说，“学伴”计划施行后，受到学生的欢迎，“报名积极，学生反馈也比较好。”

　　针对网友提出的“拉皮条”等侮辱性词汇，他表示，近几天也陆续收到校友的反馈。7月11日下午，他已经联系国际事务部咨询此事的进展，他从国际事务部得知，目前学校正在商量此事，会给出一个合理的解释。

　　同日，山东大学党委宣传部一名工作人员回复澎湃新闻称，正在研究此事。

　　曾参与过2017年“学伴”计划的山东大学管理学院学生小媛（化名）说，“学伴”项目主要面向中心校区和附近几个校区的同学。参与的同学在各个学院都有分布，男女比例也较为正常，网传的情况并不属实。

　　She said that the "study partner" project includes a get-together. She attended the 2017 school reunion. According to her description, there were many students who participated in the party that night. Everyone came from all corners of the country and the atmosphere was very good. On that night, she met her friends from France, Pakistan, South Korea and other countries.

　　After getting to know each other at the party, students can keep in touch with each other. Usually, students in China will take their study partners with them. Most of the activities are to visit famous scenic spots in Jinan together, or to have dinner, drink coffee and play werewolf killing around the school.

　　Xiaoyuan said that more students still maintain online communication to help international students answer questions in campus life. "After all, everyone’s cultural backgrounds are completely different, and the probability of becoming international friends immediately is still quite low."

　　A 2016 boy from Shandong University said that study companions are a normal learning exchange program, which has been going on for several years.

　　The question about the internet changed from "one-on-one" to "one-on-three". The boy explained that the ratio of male to female in Shanda was originally a little more than that of female students, while the number of international students was generally a little more than that of male students. In addition, female students were generally more active than male students in participating in campus activities, so there was a situation of "three companions and one" mentioned in the news.

　　The boy said that the "study partner program" requires study partners to do tasks together, such as reading books and watching movies together.

　　CCTV News: Tissue paper and toilet paper, collectively referred to as household paper, are one of the just-needed products for living at home now. In fact, just 30 or 40 years ago, these professional household papers, especially tissue papers, were still high-end goods and rare goods in our lives. Of course, now that everyone has a good life, professional household paper has become a necessity of life, but a supervision and spot check by the relevant departments found that some household paper actually has a low level of hygiene.

　　Jiangsu Provincial Bureau of Quality Supervision recently conducted supervision and spot checks on tissue paper and toilet paper products. The results show that some tissue paper is produced with recycled raw materials, and some toilet paper is "unsanitary" and many other unqualified problems.

　　Li Xiaotong, inspector of Jiangsu Paper Printing Products Quality Inspection Station, said that there were 162 batches of samples of tissue paper and toilet paper in this supervision and spot check, including 99 batches sampled by production enterprises, 18 batches purchased by physical stores and 45 batches purchased by e-commerce platforms. All samples involved 112 brands of 101 production enterprises.

　　In this supervision and spot check, Jiangsu Quality Supervision Bureau entrusted Jiangsu Paper Printing Product Quality Inspection Station and Huai ‘an Quality Inspection Institute to conduct testing. Among the 162 batches of samples, there were 88 batches of tissue paper and 74 batches of toilet paper.

　　In the interview, the reporter noticed that in this supervision and spot check, the unqualified rate of tissue paper was much higher than that of toilet paper. Among the 35 batches of unqualified samples, 28 batches of tissue paper were used.

　　The content of tissue paper is a quantitative information that the manufacturer clearly shows consumers how many sheets of paper are contained in this package of tissue paper on the outer packaging of the enterprise. However, in this supervision and spot check, it was found that 13 batches of tissue paper were unqualified, which is what we usually call short weight and short weight. As you can see, there are 500 sheets of tissue paper labeled as Yiran brand in my hand, but after testing, there are only 132 sheets of tissue paper in this package, which is only about a quarter of the express value.

　　After testing, among 28 batches of unqualified tissue paper samples, there are 13 batches with insufficient internal capacity, which is the biggest problem found in this supervision and spot check.

　　Of the 13 batches of unqualified samples, 8 batches were sampled from production enterprises, including:Named "Meijiaxin" extraction embossed napkin produced by Nanjing Bairun Paper Co., Ltd.; Named as "Weiyi (Cocoa Elephant Series)" extraction paper towel produced by Nanjing Yuankuo Technology Industry Co., Ltd.; Known as "Yinsijie" natural bamboo pulp paper produced by Zhenjiang Minzhen Paper Co., Ltd.; Known as "Shunan" removable facial tissue produced by Zhenjiang Sunan Trading Co., Ltd.; Known as "Haoxiang" bamboo fiber tissue produced by Zhenjiang Haoxiang Paper Co., Ltd.; Known as "Qianfeng" handkerchief paper produced by Changzhou Yudi Paper Co., Ltd.; Named as "Jieshilian" removable facial tissue produced by Baofuda Sanitary Products Factory in Shang Hu Town, Changshu City; Known as Xuzhou Tianqiang Paper Co., Ltd. produced "Xuanzhu" removable facial tissue.

　　4 batches are purchased from physical stores, including nominal sentences."Merlot" extracted facial tissue produced by Rongshi Jingwang Paper Factory; Known as "Yiran" removable facial tissue produced by Jiangsu Yangzhou Yiran Paper Co., Ltd.; Named "Fang Yaxin" produced by Jinsheng Sanitary Paper Factory in Jiangning District, Nanjing, with 420 pieces of removable facial tissues in gold; Named "Yufeng" removable tissue paper produced by Nanjing Yufeng Paper Processing Factory.

　　1 batch purchased from e-commerce, nominallyExtractable facial tissue produced by Senli Paper Group Co., Ltd..

　　In addition to the lack of internal capacity, this test found that the second major problem of tissue paper is that manufacturers illegally use recycled fibers as raw materials.

　　According to the inspectors, the national standard for tissue paper stipulates that recycled fibers are not allowed, and native wood fibers or non-wood fibers must be used. The national standard of toilet paper allows the use of native wood fiber, non-wood fiber and waste paper fiber. Wood fiber refers to primary wood pulp, non-wood fiber includes rice straw, straw, bamboo and sugarcane pulp, and recycled fiber is waste paper pulp.

　　The inspector told the reporter that the color of tissue paper produced by primary wood pulp is white, while the color of tissue paper produced by recycled fiber is gray and dark. At the same time, there are usually residual ink spots on its surface.

　　After testing, it is called a sentence"Merlot" extracted facial tissue produced by Rongshi Jingwang Paper Factory; Named "Yufeng" extraction tissue paper produced by Nanjing Yufeng Paper Processing Factory; Named as "Jielian" removable tissue paper produced by Suzhou Weirou Paper Co., Ltd. in Jiangsu Province.All three batches of tissue paper samples were found to contain migrating fluorescent whitening agents, and their dust levels were also unqualified. Consumer use

　　Such a tissue paper wipes the mouth, and the mobile fluorescent whitening agent may be absorbed by the human body, causing hidden dangers to the health of consumers.

　　NominallyThe "Pinrui" luxury handkerchief paper produced by Chengdu Jinxiangcheng Paper Co., Ltd. is marked with product grades outside the national standard at will. At the same time, some samples, such as "Yinsijie" paper handkerchiefs produced by Zhenjiang Minzhen Paper Co., Ltd., have the phenomenon that manufacturers falsely mark product grades.

　　During the inspection of toilet paper in this supervision and spot check, it was found that the total number of bacterial colonies in 5 batches exceeded the standard, and the samples with the worst hygiene index exceeded the national standard by more than 4 times. According to the inspectors, the total number of bacterial colonies is unqualified, which means that the toilet paper is "unsanitary".

　　The unqualified samples of this index include: nominal"Friends of the Skin Wrinkled Toilet Paper" and "Jinbaide Advanced Wrinkled Toilet Paper" produced by Hongze Jinbaide Paper Co., Ltd.; Marked as "Nantong Haian Baihui Paper Factory", it is called "Shuang Dian Gao Jian Toilet Paper"; "Double Panda brand toilet paper" produced by Quzhou Double Panda Paper Co., Ltd.; Flat toilet paper produced by Shanghai Jiedu Paper Co., Ltd. Wait.

　　The test found that these five batches of samples with unqualified hygiene indicators were all flat-cut toilet paper produced from recycled raw materials.